Simulations of dense snow avalanches on deflecting dams
Two models simulating snow avalanches impacting retaining dams at oblique angles of incidence are presented. First, a lumped-mass model applying the Voellmy-Perla equation is used to calculate the path of the centre-of-mass along the side of a retaining dam. Secondly, a one-dimensional continuum mod...
| Published in: | Annals of Glaciology |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge University Press
1998
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3090613 https://doi.org/ https://doi.org/10.3189/1998AoG26-1-265-271 |
| Summary: | Two models simulating snow avalanches impacting retaining dams at oblique angles of incidence are presented. First, a lumped-mass model applying the Voellmy-Perla equation is used to calculate the path of the centre-of-mass along the side of a retaining dam. Secondly, a one-dimensional continuum model, applying depth-integrated equations of balance of mass and linear momentum, is expanded to take into account that real avalanche flows are three-dimensional. The centre-line of the avalanche path is determined by the flowing material as it progresses down the channelized avalanche path. The nonlinear constitutive equations comprise viscosity, visco-elasticity and plasticity. Both models are calibrated by simulations of a registered avalanche following a strongly curved channel. The path and the run-up height of the avalanche on the natural deflecting dam with oblique angle of incidence as calculated by the two models, are compared with the observations made. |
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