Greenland temperature response to climate forcing during the last deglaciation

• Published in: Science
• Other Authors: Buizert, Christo (author), Gkinis, Vasileios (author), Severinghaus, Jeffrey (author), He, Feng (author), Lecavalier, Benoit (author), Kindler, Philippe (author), Leuenberger, Markus (author), Carlson, Anders (author), Vinther, Bo (author), Masson-Delmotte, Valérie (author), White, James (author), Liu, Zhengyu (author), Otto-Bliesner, Bette (author), Brook, Edward (author)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: American Association for the Advancement of Science 2014
• Subjects: Greenland; Greenland ice core; ice core; North Atlantic
• Online Access: http://nldr.library.ucar.edu/repository/collections/OSGC-000-000-020-902; https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1254961

Greenland ice core water isotopic composition (δ¹⁸O) provides detailed evidence for abrupt climate changes but is by itself insufficient for quantitative reconstruction of past temperatures and their spatial patterns. We investigate Greenland temperature evolution during the last deglaciation using independent reconstructions from three ice cores and simulations with a coupled ocean-atmosphere climate model. Contrary to the traditional δ18O interpretation, the Younger Dryas period was 4.5° ± 2°C warmer than the Oldest Dryas, due to increased carbon dioxide forcing and summer insolation. The magnitude of abrupt temperature changes is larger in central Greenland (9° to 14°C) than in the northwest (5° to 9°C), fingerprinting a North Atlantic origin. Simulated changes in temperature seasonality closely track changes in the Atlantic overturning strength and support the hypothesis that abrupt climate change is mostly a winter phenomenon.