Surface mass balance of glaciers in the French Alps: distributed modeling and sensitivity to climate change
International audience A new physically based distributed surface mass-balance model is presented for Alpine glaciers. Based on the Crocus prognostic snow model, it resolves both the temporal (1 hour time-step) and spatial (200 m grid-step) variability of the energy and mass balance of glaciers. Mas...
Published in: | Journal of Glaciology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2005
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Online Access: | https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355/file/surface-mass-balance-of-glaciers-in-the-french-alps-distributed-modeling-and-sensitivity-to-climate-change.pdf https://doi.org/10.3189/172756505781829133 |
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ftmeteofrance:oai:HAL:insu-00374355v1 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Météo-France: HAL |
op_collection_id |
ftmeteofrance |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology Gerbaux, Martin Dedieu, Jean-Pierre Etchevers, Pierre Vincent, Christian Genthon, P. Surface mass balance of glaciers in the French Alps: distributed modeling and sensitivity to climate change |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology |
description |
International audience A new physically based distributed surface mass-balance model is presented for Alpine glaciers. Based on the Crocus prognostic snow model, it resolves both the temporal (1 hour time-step) and spatial (200 m grid-step) variability of the energy and mass balance of glaciers. Mass-balance reconstructions for the period 1981-2004 are produced using meteorological reconstruction from the SAFRAN meteorological model for Glacier de Saint-Sorlin and Glacier d'Argentière, French Alps. Both glaciers lost mass at an accelerated rate in the last 23 years. The spatial distribution of precipitation within the model grid is adjusted using field mass-balance measurements. This is the only correction made to the SAFRAN meteorological input to the glacier model, which also includes surface atmospheric temperature, moisture, wind and all components of downward radiation. Independent data from satellite imagery and geodetic measurements are used for model validation. With this model, glacier sensitivity to climate change can be separately evaluated with respect to a full range of meteorological parameters, whereas simpler models, such as degree-day models, only account for temperature and precipitation. We provide results for both mass balance and equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) using a generic Alpine glacier. The sensitivity of the ELA to air temperature alone is found to be 125 m °C−1, or 160 m °C−1 if concurrent (Stefan-Boltzmann) longwave radiation change is taken into account. |
author2 |
Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gerbaux, Martin Dedieu, Jean-Pierre Etchevers, Pierre Vincent, Christian Genthon, P. |
author_facet |
Gerbaux, Martin Dedieu, Jean-Pierre Etchevers, Pierre Vincent, Christian Genthon, P. |
author_sort |
Gerbaux, Martin |
title |
Surface mass balance of glaciers in the French Alps: distributed modeling and sensitivity to climate change |
title_short |
Surface mass balance of glaciers in the French Alps: distributed modeling and sensitivity to climate change |
title_full |
Surface mass balance of glaciers in the French Alps: distributed modeling and sensitivity to climate change |
title_fullStr |
Surface mass balance of glaciers in the French Alps: distributed modeling and sensitivity to climate change |
title_full_unstemmed |
Surface mass balance of glaciers in the French Alps: distributed modeling and sensitivity to climate change |
title_sort |
surface mass balance of glaciers in the french alps: distributed modeling and sensitivity to climate change |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355/file/surface-mass-balance-of-glaciers-in-the-french-alps-distributed-modeling-and-sensitivity-to-climate-change.pdf https://doi.org/10.3189/172756505781829133 |
genre |
Journal of Glaciology |
genre_facet |
Journal of Glaciology |
op_source |
ISSN: 0022-1430 EISSN: 1727-5652 Journal of Glaciology https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355 Journal of Glaciology, 2005, 51 (175), pp.561 à 572. ⟨10.3189/172756505781829133⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3189/172756505781829133 insu-00374355 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355/file/surface-mass-balance-of-glaciers-in-the-french-alps-distributed-modeling-and-sensitivity-to-climate-change.pdf doi:10.3189/172756505781829133 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3189/172756505781829133 |
container_title |
Journal of Glaciology |
container_volume |
51 |
container_issue |
175 |
container_start_page |
561 |
op_container_end_page |
572 |
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1797586059386683392 |
spelling |
ftmeteofrance:oai:HAL:insu-00374355v1 2024-04-28T08:26:50+00:00 Surface mass balance of glaciers in the French Alps: distributed modeling and sensitivity to climate change Gerbaux, Martin Dedieu, Jean-Pierre Etchevers, Pierre Vincent, Christian Genthon, P. Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2005 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355/file/surface-mass-balance-of-glaciers-in-the-french-alps-distributed-modeling-and-sensitivity-to-climate-change.pdf https://doi.org/10.3189/172756505781829133 en eng HAL CCSD International Glaciological Society info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3189/172756505781829133 insu-00374355 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355 https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355/document https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355/file/surface-mass-balance-of-glaciers-in-the-french-alps-distributed-modeling-and-sensitivity-to-climate-change.pdf doi:10.3189/172756505781829133 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0022-1430 EISSN: 1727-5652 Journal of Glaciology https://insu.hal.science/insu-00374355 Journal of Glaciology, 2005, 51 (175), pp.561 à 572. ⟨10.3189/172756505781829133⟩ [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2005 ftmeteofrance https://doi.org/10.3189/172756505781829133 2024-04-10T23:57:22Z International audience A new physically based distributed surface mass-balance model is presented for Alpine glaciers. Based on the Crocus prognostic snow model, it resolves both the temporal (1 hour time-step) and spatial (200 m grid-step) variability of the energy and mass balance of glaciers. Mass-balance reconstructions for the period 1981-2004 are produced using meteorological reconstruction from the SAFRAN meteorological model for Glacier de Saint-Sorlin and Glacier d'Argentière, French Alps. Both glaciers lost mass at an accelerated rate in the last 23 years. The spatial distribution of precipitation within the model grid is adjusted using field mass-balance measurements. This is the only correction made to the SAFRAN meteorological input to the glacier model, which also includes surface atmospheric temperature, moisture, wind and all components of downward radiation. Independent data from satellite imagery and geodetic measurements are used for model validation. With this model, glacier sensitivity to climate change can be separately evaluated with respect to a full range of meteorological parameters, whereas simpler models, such as degree-day models, only account for temperature and precipitation. We provide results for both mass balance and equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) using a generic Alpine glacier. The sensitivity of the ELA to air temperature alone is found to be 125 m °C−1, or 160 m °C−1 if concurrent (Stefan-Boltzmann) longwave radiation change is taken into account. Article in Journal/Newspaper Journal of Glaciology Météo-France: HAL Journal of Glaciology 51 175 561 572 |