Past changes in natural and managed snow reliability of French Alps ski resorts from 1961 to 2019

International audience Snow reliability is a key climatic impact driver for the ski tourism industry, although there are only a few studies addressing past changes in snow reliability in ski resorts accounting for snow management practices (grooming and snowmaking, in particular). This study provide...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Cryosphere
Main Authors: Berard-Chenu, Lucas, François, Hugues, George, Emmanuelle, Morin, Samuel
Other Authors: Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre d'Etudes de la Neige (CEN), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG )-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Within the CDP Trajectories framework, the PhD scholarship of Lucas Berard-Chenu is jointly funded by the French National Research Agency in the framework of the -“Investissements d'avenir” programme (grant no. ANR-15-IDEX-02) - Météo-France. -CNRM CEN and LESSEM belong to Labex OSUG@2020. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 730203)., Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union, European Project: 730203,Prosnow, European Project:
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: HAL CCSD 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03609937
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03609937/document
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03609937/file/tc-16-863-2022.pdf
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-863-2022
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Summary:International audience Snow reliability is a key climatic impact driver for the ski tourism industry, although there are only a few studies addressing past changes in snow reliability in ski resorts accounting for snow management practices (grooming and snowmaking, in particular). This study provides an assessment of past changes in natural and managed snow cover reliability from 1961 to 2019 in the French Alps. In particular, we used snowmaking investment figures to infer the evolution of snowmaking coverage at the ski resort scale for 16 ski resorts in the French Alps, which we used together with a detailed snow cover modelling system driven by a local atmospheric reanalysis. We find different benefits of snow management to reduce the variability and long-term decrease in snow cover reliability because of the heterogeneity of the snowmaking deployment trajectories across ski resorts. The frequency of challenging conditions for ski resort operation over the 1991–2019 period increased in November and February to April compared to the 30-year reference period 1961–1990. In general, snowmaking had a positive impact on snow reliability, especially in December to January. While for the highest-elevation ski resorts, snowmaking improved snow reliability for the core of the winter season, it did not counterbalance the decreasing trend in snow cover reliability for lower-elevation ski resorts and in the spring. La fiabilité de l'enneigement est un facteur clé d'impact climatique pour l'industrie des sports d’hiver bien qu'il n'existe que quelques études s’intéressant aux changements passés de la fiabilité de l'enneigement dans les stations de ski en tenant compte des pratiques de gestion de la neige (damage et fabrication de neige, notamment). Cette étude fournit une évaluation des changements passés de la fiabilité de l'enneigement en neige naturelle et gérée de 1961 à 2019 dans les Alpes françaises. Nous avons utilisé les chiffres d'investissement dans la production de neige pour déduire l'évolution de la ...