The Cross-Cultural Invariance of the Servant Leadership Survey: A Comparative Study across Eight Countries

• Published in: Administrative Sciences
• Main Authors: Dirk Van Dierendonck, Milton Sousa, Sigrún Gunnarsdóttir, Andrea Bobbio, Jari Hakanen, Armin Pircher Verdorfer, Emin Cihan Duyan, Raquel Rodriguez-Carvajal
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2017
• Subjects: servant leadership; cross-cultural; measurement equivalence; Iceland
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci7020008

This paper tests and confirms the cross-cultural equivalence of the Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) in eight countries and languages: The Netherlands, Portugal, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Spain, Turkey and Finland. A composite sample consisting of 5201 respondents from eight countries that all filled out the SLS was used. A three-step approach was adopted to test configural invariance, measurement equivalence, and structural equivalence. For the full 30-item version of the SLS, configural invariance and partial measurement equivalence were confirmed. Implications of these results for the use of the SLS within cross-cultural studies are discussed.