4D in city transformations : systems, processes and actors

• Main Author: Johansson, Tim
• Format: Master Thesis
• Language: Swedish
• Published: Luleå tekniska universitet, Byggkonstruktion och -produktion 2012
• Subjects: Construction Management; Byggproduktion; Kiruna
• Online Access: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-25950

The city of Kiruna is facing the challenge of relocating a large proportion of the existing city centre as a consequence of the subsidence caused by underground mining activities. This relocation includes urban residential areas, industrial areas, offices and spaces such as parks and infrastructure. There are a number of challenges in such a city transformation process which require the active participation of the public in the urban planning processes. A big challenge is the stakeholder management since there are stakeholders who share responsibility for the decision-making for the urban plans of the city transformation. The sharing of decision-making has led to a situation where plans are only accepted through discussions and consensus. Much of the planning content is related to time and space which means that 4D models, being 3D planning models linked with schedules, are suitable for enhancing the understanding of the time dimension of planning content, as well as their status. Therefore it is hypothesised that: “4D visualization enhances the opportunity to create transparent, accessible and understandable plans for stakeholders to support communication with urban planners.” The idea of such a support system is that the stakeholders can monitor how the planning content and the planning stages including the realization evolves over time. To investigate how such a planning support system can be realized, the following research questions were defined: RQ1. What are the most important aspects to be communicated in a city transformation process?RQ2.How can this information be visualized and communicated to stakeholders to support a transparent decision-making process?RQ3. What are the requirements of a support system to manage such a process?The city transformation in Kiruna was used as a case study involving the first three steps of a 5 step system research approach.The most important aspects of the city transformation were understanding the forces of transformation, the complexity of the problem to solve (its ...