| Summary: | The diversity of mammal fauna in the urbanized zone and outskirts of Vilnius city is analyzed, comparing it with other cities. In 1982-2004,51 species of mammals were registered in Vilnius: 5 species of Insectivora, 11 of Chiroptera, 18 of Rodentia, 2 of Lagomorpha, 11 of Carnivora and four species of Artiodactyla. 29 mammal species (57% of the total) were registered m the urbanized part of Vilnius. Synantropic species (house mouse and brown rat), eastern hedgehog, European mole, common shrew, bank vole, common vole and red fox are mammals inhabiting the urbanized part of most cities. Other species, such as harvest mouse, water vole, yellow-necked mouse, muskrat, striped field mouse, sibling vole, pine marten, beech marten, roe deer and wild boar, are well established in the outskirts. Quite synantropic are many bat species, but some of them were registered in the urbanized parts of the cities in hibernacula only. The pond bat, Brandt' s bat, barbastelle, brown long-eared bat, noctule, Leisler" s bat, serotine bat, northem bat, particoloured bat, northern birch mouse, mountain hare, stoat, brown bear and otter - 14 species in total - are included into the Red Data Book of Lithuania.
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