Why do party systems tend to be so stable? A review of rationalists’ contributions

The purpose of this research note is to demonstrate the usefulness ofrational choice models in making party‐system stability intelligible. First, the ‘problemof collective action among potential party‐entrepreneurs’ makes it puzzling that newpolitical parties emerge at all. Secondly, if the original...

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Main Author: Erlingsson, Gissur Ó
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Linköpings universitet, Centrum för kommunstrategiska studier – CKS 2009
Subjects:
Online Access:http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-21365
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spelling ftlinkoepinguniv:oai:DiVA.org:liu-21365 2023-05-15T16:51:52+02:00 Why do party systems tend to be so stable? A review of rationalists’ contributions Erlingsson, Gissur Ó 2009 application/pdf http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-21365 eng eng Linköpings universitet, Centrum för kommunstrategiska studier – CKS Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten Bifröst University Bifröst Journal of Social Science, 1670-7788, 2009, 3, s. 113-123 orcid:0000-0003-2323-9092 http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-21365 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Party systems ‘freezing hypothesis’ party formation stability Social Sciences Samhällsvetenskap Article in journal info:eu-repo/semantics/article text 2009 ftlinkoepinguniv 2022-05-01T08:24:53Z The purpose of this research note is to demonstrate the usefulness ofrational choice models in making party‐system stability intelligible. First, the ‘problemof collective action among potential party‐entrepreneurs’ makes it puzzling that newpolitical parties emerge at all. Secondly, if the original collective‐action problem isovercome somehow, the ‘problem of voter coordination’ makes it hard for new partiesto attract voters. Finally, established competitors have incentives and resources to holdnewcomers back. I conclude by maintaining that simple, well‐known rational choicemodels explain the empirical observation by Lipset and Rokkan (1967) that partysystems tend to be ‘frozen’. Instead, the genuinely puzzling thing is why new politicalparties emerge and gain support at all. Tilgangur þessarar greinar er að sýna fram á nytsemi skynsemiskenninga við að útskýra af hverju flokkakerfi eru stöðug. Hugsanlegir flokksfrumkvöðlar lenda fyrst í „vanda sameiginlegra athafna” sem gerir það að ráðgátu að nýir flokkar myndast yfir höfuð. Ef vandi sameiginlegra athafna er leystur, þá eiga nýir flokkar erfitt með að fá kjósendur til fylgis við sig vegna þess að enginn vill kjósa flokk sem enginn annar kýs. Að lokum þá hafa keppinautar til langs tíma hvata og getu til að halda nýjum keppinautum niðri. Niðurstaða mín er sú að einfaldar og vel þekktar skynsemiskenningar útskýri vel þá niðurstöðu Lipset og Rokkan (1967) að flokkakerfi hafi tilhneigingu til að frjósa. Hin sanna ráðgáta felst í því af hverju nýir flokkar verði til yfir höfuð og njóti fylgis. Original Publication: Gissur Ó Erlingsson, Why do party systems tend to be so stable? A review of rationalists’ contributions, 2009, Bifröst Journal of Social Science, (3), 1. Licensee: Bifröst University, Iceland http://bjss.bifrost.is/index.php/bjss/index Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland LIU - Linköping University: Publications (DiVA) Halda ENVELOPE(25.170,25.170,70.853,70.853) Vanda ENVELOPE(161.550,161.550,-77.533,-77.533) Sanna ENVELOPE(12.047,12.047,66.506,66.506)
institution Open Polar
collection LIU - Linköping University: Publications (DiVA)
op_collection_id ftlinkoepinguniv
language English
topic Party systems
‘freezing hypothesis’
party formation
stability
Social Sciences
Samhällsvetenskap
spellingShingle Party systems
‘freezing hypothesis’
party formation
stability
Social Sciences
Samhällsvetenskap
Erlingsson, Gissur Ó
Why do party systems tend to be so stable? A review of rationalists’ contributions
topic_facet Party systems
‘freezing hypothesis’
party formation
stability
Social Sciences
Samhällsvetenskap
description The purpose of this research note is to demonstrate the usefulness ofrational choice models in making party‐system stability intelligible. First, the ‘problemof collective action among potential party‐entrepreneurs’ makes it puzzling that newpolitical parties emerge at all. Secondly, if the original collective‐action problem isovercome somehow, the ‘problem of voter coordination’ makes it hard for new partiesto attract voters. Finally, established competitors have incentives and resources to holdnewcomers back. I conclude by maintaining that simple, well‐known rational choicemodels explain the empirical observation by Lipset and Rokkan (1967) that partysystems tend to be ‘frozen’. Instead, the genuinely puzzling thing is why new politicalparties emerge and gain support at all. Tilgangur þessarar greinar er að sýna fram á nytsemi skynsemiskenninga við að útskýra af hverju flokkakerfi eru stöðug. Hugsanlegir flokksfrumkvöðlar lenda fyrst í „vanda sameiginlegra athafna” sem gerir það að ráðgátu að nýir flokkar myndast yfir höfuð. Ef vandi sameiginlegra athafna er leystur, þá eiga nýir flokkar erfitt með að fá kjósendur til fylgis við sig vegna þess að enginn vill kjósa flokk sem enginn annar kýs. Að lokum þá hafa keppinautar til langs tíma hvata og getu til að halda nýjum keppinautum niðri. Niðurstaða mín er sú að einfaldar og vel þekktar skynsemiskenningar útskýri vel þá niðurstöðu Lipset og Rokkan (1967) að flokkakerfi hafi tilhneigingu til að frjósa. Hin sanna ráðgáta felst í því af hverju nýir flokkar verði til yfir höfuð og njóti fylgis. Original Publication: Gissur Ó Erlingsson, Why do party systems tend to be so stable? A review of rationalists’ contributions, 2009, Bifröst Journal of Social Science, (3), 1. Licensee: Bifröst University, Iceland http://bjss.bifrost.is/index.php/bjss/index
format Article in Journal/Newspaper
author Erlingsson, Gissur Ó
author_facet Erlingsson, Gissur Ó
author_sort Erlingsson, Gissur Ó
title Why do party systems tend to be so stable? A review of rationalists’ contributions
title_short Why do party systems tend to be so stable? A review of rationalists’ contributions
title_full Why do party systems tend to be so stable? A review of rationalists’ contributions
title_fullStr Why do party systems tend to be so stable? A review of rationalists’ contributions
title_full_unstemmed Why do party systems tend to be so stable? A review of rationalists’ contributions
title_sort why do party systems tend to be so stable? a review of rationalists’ contributions
publisher Linköpings universitet, Centrum för kommunstrategiska studier – CKS
publishDate 2009
url http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-21365
long_lat ENVELOPE(25.170,25.170,70.853,70.853)
ENVELOPE(161.550,161.550,-77.533,-77.533)
ENVELOPE(12.047,12.047,66.506,66.506)
geographic Halda
Vanda
Sanna
geographic_facet Halda
Vanda
Sanna
genre Iceland
genre_facet Iceland
op_relation Bifröst Journal of Social Science, 1670-7788, 2009, 3, s. 113-123
orcid:0000-0003-2323-9092
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-21365
op_rights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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