| Summary: | Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/Open Objective: Renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has been provided in Iceland since 1968 when hemodialysis was begun. Kidney transplantation in Icelandic patients has been performed abroad since 1970 mainly in Copenhagen, Gothenburg and Boston. The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the changes in incidence, prevalence, and outcome of ESRD treatment during the period 1968-1997 and compare the results with other ESRD programs, mainly in the Nordic countries. Material and methods: Included in this study were all patients who began renal replacement therapy for ESRD during the study period and remained on therapy for at least six weeks. Data were obtained from the registry of ESRD, compiled by the Dialysis Service of the National University Hospital. The data were used to determine the annual incidence and prevalence of treated ESRD. Changes in parameters, such as age at the beginning of renal replacement therapy, gender distribution, causes of ESRD, treatment modalities, and survival were evaluated. Annual mortality rate was calculated as deaths per 100 life-years. Comparison of means was done by the two sample t-test, survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and survival differences were determined with the Mantel-Cox test. Results: A total of 201 patients began therapy for ESRD during this 30 year period. The number of patients beginning renal replacement therapy in each of the three consecutive decades was 27, 59 and 115, respectively, which corresponds to 12.8, 25.1 and 44 per million population per year. The mean age rose throughout the study period and was 54.8 in the final decade. The prevalence per million population was 72 in 1977, 182 in 1987 and 356 in 1997. Diabetic nephropathy was not observed as a cause of ESRD until the last decade when it accounted for 12% of new patients. Hemodialysis was the sole dialysis modality until 1985. Peritoneal dialysis has ...
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