Effects of an isocaloric healthy Nordic diet on insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and inflammation markers in metabolic syndrome -- a randomized study (SYSDIET).

• Published in: Journal of Internal Medicine
• Main Authors: Uusitupa, M, Hermansen, K, Savolainen, M J, Schwab, U, Kolehmainen, M, Brader, L, Mortensen, L S, Cloetens, L, Johansson-Persson, A, Onning, G, Landin-Olsson, M, Herzig, K-H, Hukkanen, J, Rosqvist, F, Iggman, D, Paananen, J, Pulkki, K J, Siloaho, M, Dragsted, L, Barri, T, Overvad, K, Bach Knudsen, K E, Hedemann, M S, Arner, P, Dahlman, I, Borge, G I A, Baardseth, P, Ulven, S M, Gunnarsdottir, I, Jónsdóttir, S, Thorsdottir, I, Orešič, M, Poutanen, K S, Risérus, U, Akesson, B
• Other Authors: 1 Univ Eastern Finland, Inst Publ Hlth & Clin Nutr, Kuopio 70211, Finland 2 Kuopio Univ Hosp, Res Unit, SF-70210 Kuopio, Finland 3 Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Med & Endocrinol MEA, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark 4 Univ Oulu, Dept Internal Med, Inst Clin Med, SF-90220 Oulu, Finland 5 Kuopio Univ Hosp, Inst Clin Med, SF-70210 Kuopio, Finland 6 Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden 7 Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Endocrinol, Lund, Sweden 8 Univ Oulu, Inst Biomed, Oulu, Finland 9 Univ Oulu, Bioctr Oulu, Oulu, Finland 10 Kuopio Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat, SF-70210 Kuopio, Finland 11 Uppsala Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Caring Sci, Uppsala, Sweden 12 Ctr Clin Res Dalarna, Falun, Sweden 13 Univ Eastern Finland, Eastern Finland Lab Ctr, Kuopio 70211, Finland 14 Univ Eastern Finland, Dept Clin Chem, Kuopio 70211, Finland 15 Univ Eastern Finland, Inst Clin Med, Kuopio 70211, Finland 16 Univ Copenhagen, Dept Nutr Exercise & Sport, Copenhagen, Denmark 17 Aarhus Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Publ Hlth, Aarhus, Denmark 18 Aarhus Univ Hosp, Aalborg Hosp, Dept Cardiol, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark 19 Aarhus Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Aarhus, Denmark 20 Karolinska Inst, Dept Med H7, Stockholm, Sweden 21 Norwegian Inst Food Fisheries & Aquaculture Res, Nofima, As, Norway 22 Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Hlth Nutr & Management, Oslo, Norway 23 Akershus Univ Coll Appl Sci, Oslo, Norway 24 Univ Iceland, Unit Nutr Res, Reykjavik, Iceland 25 Natl Univ Hosp Iceland, Landspitali, Reykjavik, Iceland 26 VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, Espoo, Finland 27 Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Nutr, Lund, Sweden
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Wiley-Blackwell 2013
• Subjects: Mataræði; Blóðfita; Blóðþrýstingur; Insúlín; Orka; Bólgur; Apolipoproteins A; Apolipoproteins B; Biological Markers; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Cholesterol; HDL; LDL; Denmark; Diet; Energy Intake; Fatty Acids; Finland; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Iceland; Inflammation; Insulin Resistance; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Lipids; Male; Metabolic Syndrome X; Middle Aged; Sweden; Treatment Outcome
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2336/324778; https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12044

To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked Files. This article is open access. Different healthy food patterns may modify cardiometabolic risk. We investigated the effects of an isocaloric healthy Nordic diet on insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, blood pressure and inflammatory markers in people with metabolic syndrome. We conducted a randomized dietary study lasting for 18-24 weeks in individuals with features of metabolic syndrome (mean age 55 years, BMI 31.6 kg m(-2) , 67% women). Altogether 309 individuals were screened, 200 started the intervention after 4-week run-in period, and 96 (proportion of dropouts 7.9%) and 70 individuals (dropouts 27%) completed the study, in the Healthy diet and Control diet groups, respectively. Healthy diet included whole-grain products, berries, fruits and vegetables, rapeseed oil, three fish meals per week and low-fat dairy products. An average Nordic diet served as a Control diet. Compliance was monitored by repeated 4-day food diaries and fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids. Body weight remained stable, and no significant changes were observed in insulin sensitivity or blood pressure. Significant changes between the groups were found in non-HDL cholesterol (-0.18, mmol L(-1) 95% CI -0.35; -0.01, P = 0.04), LDL to HDL cholesterol (-0.15, -0.28; -0.00, P = 0.046) and apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A1 ratios (-0.04, -0.07; -0.00, P = 0.025) favouring the Healthy diet. IL-1 Ra increased during the Control diet (difference -84, -133; -37 ng L(-1) , P = 0.00053). Intakes of saturated fats (E%, beta estimate 4.28, 0.02; 8.53, P = 0.049) and magnesium (mg, -0.23, -0.41; -0.05, P = 0.012) were associated with IL-1 Ra. Healthy Nordic diet improved lipid profile and had a beneficial effect on low-grade inflammation. NordForsk Academy of Finland Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research Sigfrid ...