| Summary: | Neðst á síðunni er að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/Open This paper outlines the many different ways in which different social changes and new ideas from the mid-19th century have shaped the philosophical understanding of nursing practice . The influence of international development on Icelandic nursing in the 20th century is described. A number of changes occurring in the first part of the 19th century opened the way for nursing to become a respectable profession for women. Even though formal ties between the nursing profession and religious groups were cut at the time, religious ideals, such as helping the poor and vulnerable in society, still strongly influenced nursing practice. In line with the practices and traditions of their religious sisters, nurses had to abide many restrictions. Much emphasis was placed upon traditional virtues, such as quietness, modesty and obedience. As the 20th century progressed, the work environment of nurses and the content of their work changed. New methods, originally designed for industry, were adopted in the administration of hospitals, and with the introduction of new drugs, the content of nursing care changed considerably. Many practices became obsolete, and there seemed to be much need to re-define nursing practice. The emergence of holistic nursing has been traced to these changes. Holistic nursing became nurses’ reaction to the technical rationality that seemed to infiltrate Western societies during the latter part of the 20th century. The philosophy of holistic nursing was discussed widely in the nursing literature. Much emphasis was placed on the nurse-patient relationship as central to holistic practice, and psychosocial aspects of well-being were stressed. These changes in the philosophical underpinnings of nursing practice are discussed in the paper with special reference to changes in the philosophical understanding of nursing in Iceland. Í þessari grein er leitast við að varpa ljósi á það hvernig hugmyndafræði ...
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