Geobiochemical characteristics of the snow cover of the White Sea coast in 2021 and 2022

• Main Authors: E. Kotova I., V. Topchaya Yu., Yu. Novikova V., Е. Котова И., В. Топчая Ю., Ю. Новикова В.
• Other Authors: Результаты обобщены и интерпретированы за счёт гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-77-10074.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Russian
• Published: IGRAS 2023
• Subjects: snow;coastal zone;ionic composition;nutrients;algological composition; снег;прибрежная зона;ионный состав;биогены;альгологический состав; Novodvinsk; Onega; Severodvinsk; White Sea; Arctic; Arkhangelsk; dvina; Dvina Bay; Onega Bay; Белого моря
• Online Access: https://ice-snow.igras.ru/jour/article/view/1151; https://doi.org/10.31857/S207667342301009X

For two years (2021 and 2022) snow sampling carried out in the coastal zone of the Onega and Dvina Bays of the White Sea during the period of maximum snow accumulation (March). The snow was analyzed for the content of the main ions (Cl–,SO42-, Na+, Ca2+, K+); biogenic elements (phosphorus, silicon, nitrogen), pH and mineralization were determined. The algological composition of the snow cover was also studied. The results showed that the snow was slightly acidic (average pH 5.4). Cl– and Na+ were the main ions in the coastal zone; SO42- and Ca2+ in the estuary zone. The high content of marine ions and mineralization were determined near the Paranikha Bay (Dvina Bay), where the release of sea water onto the ice is noted annually. Compared to previous studies, in which snow samples were taken in the costal zone, the content of marine ions in the territory under consideration is an order of magnitude higher. As a result of the influence of marine aerosols, the values of snow cover mineralization can reach 140–680 mg/L. The content of dissolved silicon in melt water is increased in the zone of influence of atmospheric emissions from urbanized territories (Arkhangelsk, Novodvinsk, Severodvinsk), as well as near the granite quarry on the coast of Onega Bay. During the study period, 14 taxa of microalgae (species and supraspecific taxa) belonging to the division Bacillariophyta were found in snow samples. The maximum value of the total number of microalgae (1.293 thousand cells/L.) in the snow cover was determined in 2022. Исследован снежный покров прибрежной зоны Онежского и Двинского заливов Белого моря на содержание главных ионов (Cl–,SO42- , Na+, Ca2+, K+), биогенных элементов (фосфор, кремний, азот), его альгологический состав. Показано, что морские аэрозоли даже в зимний период оказывают значительное влияние на окружающую среду прибрежных районов.