CRYOVOLCANISM AND THE MYSTERY OF THE PATOM CONE
In the Earth’s regions with cold climate, cryovolcanism is widespread. This phenomena is manifested as eruptions of material due to freezing of closed-type or open-type water-bearing systems which is accompanied by generation of effusive topographic forms, such as «pingo». The Patom cone is a typica...
Published in: | Geodynamics & Tectonophysics |
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Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | Russian |
Published: |
Institute of the Earth's crust of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch
2015
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.gt-crust.ru/jour/article/view/166 https://doi.org/10.5800/GT-2012-3-3-0075 |
Summary: | In the Earth’s regions with cold climate, cryovolcanism is widespread. This phenomena is manifested as eruptions of material due to freezing of closed-type or open-type water-bearing systems which is accompanied by generation of effusive topographic forms, such as «pingo». The Patom cone is a typical structure created by cryovolcanism in fractured bedrocksof the Proterozoic age. The cone was shaped a result of the long-term, possibly multistage freezing of the hydrogeological structure during continuous and complicated phase of cryo- and speleo-genesis. The ice-saturated breccia containing limestone, sandstone and shale, which composed the cone, was subject to slow spreading due to its plastic properties; the top of the mound developed into a subsidence cone bordered by ring-shaped ramparts and a knoll in the middle, while thelongitudinal profile took on an asymmetric form. The absence of soil and vegetation cover on the surface of the cone, and a relatively weak degree of weathering of the rudaceous deposits bear no evidence that the geological object is young. The question as to the age of the cone is still open. В холодных областях Земли широко распространен криовулканизм – извержение вещества при промерзании замкнутых или открытых водоносных систем, сопровождающееся формированием эффузивных форм рельефа типа пинго. Патомский конус – характерная форма криовулканизма, проявившегося в раздробленных коренных горных породах протерозойского возраста. Формирование конуса произошло в результате многолетнего, возможно многократного промерзания гидрогеологической структуры, претерпевшей длительный и сложный этап крио- и спелеогенеза. Слагающая конус льдонасыщенная брекчия известняков, песчаников и сланцев медленно расползалась благодаря своим пластическим свойствам, при этом на вершине бугра сформировалась воронка проседания с кольцевыми валами и горкой в середине, а продольный профиль принял асимметричную форму. Отсутствие почвенного и растительного покрова на поверхности конуса, относительно слабая степень ... |
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