Evaluation of winter harder of black currant hybrid forms in Yakutia

• Main Authors: N. S. Gabysheva, Н. С. Габышева
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: Russian
• Published: Publishing Centre “Zolotoy Kolos” of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University 2023
• Subjects: семья; winter hardiness; hybrid forms; freezing of branches; family; зимостойкость; гибридные формы; подмерзание ветвей; Yakutsk; Yakutia; Якути*
• Online Access: https://vestngau.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2013; https://doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2023-67-2-26-34

In Yakutia’s harsh natural and climatic conditions, growing only adaptive, highly winter-hardy blackcurrant varieties that can tolerate frosts below -50˚С is possible. In this regard, it is relevant to study the winter hardiness of hybrids and the selection of resistant samples. The purpose of the study is to identify winterhardy hybrid forms of black currant in the conditions of Central Yakutia. The studies were conducted in 2019–2021 at the Yakutsk Research Institute of Agriculture in a fruit and berry nursery. The objects of research are hybrid forms of 9 families of black currant. Inter-varietal crosses obtained the mixed material. During the study period, the weather conditions of winter were somewhat different. The winter of 2020/21 was cha-characterised by particular severity. The average air temperature in January was -46.3°C and the absolute winter minimum was -56.4°C. The frostiness of the winter was -4679.2°C and the snow depth was 30.5 cm.). The output of winter-hardy seedlings for all families was 23.6%. As a result of the study, 11 highly winter-hardy hybrid forms of various genetic origins were identified - 1-7-18, 2-8-18, 2-13-18, 2-14-18, 2-16-18, 4-12-18, 2- 19-18, 3-14-18, 3-22-18, 4-1-18, 3-2-18. They will be used in the practical breeding of blackcurrant as sources of high winter hardiness and varieties with a complex of economically valuable traits - as the ancestors of new types. В суровых природно-климатических условиях Якутии возможно выращивать только адаптивные высокозимостойкие сорта черной смородины, способные переносить морозы ниже –50˚С. В связи с этим актуальным является изучение зимостойкости гибридов и отбор устойчивых образцов. Цель исследования – выделить зимостойкие гибридные формы смородины черной в условиях Центральной Якутии. Исследования проведены в 2019–2021 гг. в Якутском НИИ сельского хозяйства в плодово-ягодном питомнике. Объекты исследований – гибридные формы 9 семей смородины черной. Гибридный материал был получен методом межсортовых скрещиваний. В период ...