PROBLEMS OF PRESERVATION OF SALMONID HABITATS UNDER PRESSURE RESULTING FROM ADVANCING OF MINERAL MINING IN KAMCHATKA

According to the plans of the regional authorities of Kamchatka to advance large-scale mining of solid minerals, priority is given to goldfield exploitation at the upper reaches of rivers. These are the sites where salmonids use to spawn. Gold extraction facilities and their tailing dumps are being...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Биосфера
Main Authors: Жмур, Н.С., Улатов, А.В., Лапшин, О.М.
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:Russian
Published: Фонд научных исследований "XXI век"/ XXI Сentury Research Foundation 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:http://21bs.ru/index.php/bio/article/view/199
https://doi.org/10.24855/biosfera.v6i1.199
Description
Summary:According to the plans of the regional authorities of Kamchatka to advance large-scale mining of solid minerals, priority is given to goldfield exploitation at the upper reaches of rivers. These are the sites where salmonids use to spawn. Gold extraction facilities and their tailing dumps are being developed within the basins of mountain rivers known for their high fish capacity. Aginsk Ore-Dressing Complex (AODC) is an example of deterioration suffered by salmonid habitats and by the fishery segment of local economy. The present publication contains estimates of the rates and extents of damage to natural water streams resulting from anthropogenic impacts. Economic estimates suggest that fishery development in Kamchatka is more cost-effective in a long run. AODC laying-out, deployment and exploitation were associated with violation of international and domestic norms of implementation of the best available metal mining technologies. Obsolete environmental regulations in Russia does not ensure protection of aqueous ecosystems. It is mandatory to follow recommendation stipulated in international agreements for systemic assessing of hazards associated with wastes and sewages, which have been signed and ratified by the Russian Federation На Камчатке в соответствии с планами региональной власти по крупномасштабной добыче твердых полезных ископаемых разворачивается разработка месторождений золота в верховьях основных нерестовых лососевых рек. Золотоизвлекательные фабрики и хвостохранилища размещаются в бассейнах горных рек с высокой рыбопродуктивностью. На примере Агинского горнообогатительного комбината (ГОК) показано, что добыча и переработка золотосодержащих и полиметаллических руд приводит к разрушению среды обитания лососей в горных реках и сырьевой базы рыбной отрасли экономики. Установлена скорость деструктивных процессов в природных водотоках при интенсивном техногенном воздействии и степень происходящих изменений в экосистемах с высокой чувствительностью к антропогенному воздействию. Приведены экономические ...