KOKSHAROVSKY KHOLM AND CHERTOVA GORA, TWO NEOLITHIC SANCTUARIES IN THE URAL AND IN WESTERN SIBERIA: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES
Two Neolithic sanctuaries are compared: Koksharovsky Kholm in the middle Ural and Chertova Gora in western Siberia. Both apparently represent related but separate populations represented by the Koshkino-Boborykino and Kozlov-Poludenka decorative traditions dating to the 7th–5th millennia BC (calibra...
| Published in: | Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
| Language: | Russian English |
| Published: |
IAET SB RAS
2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journal.archaeology.nsc.ru/jour/article/view/263 https://doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2017.45.2.016-025 |
| Summary: | Two Neolithic sanctuaries are compared: Koksharovsky Kholm in the middle Ural and Chertova Gora in western Siberia. Both apparently represent related but separate populations represented by the Koshkino-Boborykino and Kozlov-Poludenka decorative traditions dating to the 7th–5th millennia BC (calibrated). Sanctuaries were arranged on high salient promontories. At Koksharovsky Kholm, the ritual meaning of the place was accentuated by two ditches separating the sacral space from the dwelling area. Another attribute of this sanctuary were variously sized and shaped structures made of wooden poles or slabs. At Koksharovsky Kholm, remains of much smaller (less than 1 × 1 m) structures resembling chests were found, and at Chertova Gora, birch-bark box-like containers. Stone tools from the two sites differ. Parallels include intact or broken clay vessels, metal rods with incisions, flint arrowheads, etc. Some appear to have been made for ritual purposes, and some were broken intentionally. Offerings of artifacts were accompanied by sacrificing wild animals, birds, and fishes. At Chertova Gora, an offering of hemp grains was found. Parallels with Mansi, Khanty, and Udmur may imply ideological continuity. В статье проанализированы черты сходства и различия святилищ Кокшаровский холм и Чертова Гора, оставленных родственными, но не идентичными в археолого-культурном плане группами неолитического населения, с которыми связано развитие кошкинско-боборыкинских и козловско-полуденских орнаментальных традиций в Зауралье и Западной Сибири. Показано, что для создания святилищ были выбраны высокие мысовые выступы, хорошо заметные в окружающем пространстве. На Кокшаровском холме сакральную значимость площадки мыса подчеркивают два рва, вырытые, чтобы отделить культовое пространство от жилой зоны поселения. Важным маркером сакрального пространства святилищ являются возведенные на площадке мыса культовые постройки из деревянных жердей или плах, которые различаются по размерам и конструктивным деталям, но проявляют функциональное ... |
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