Shipping Through Sea Ice: Impacts on Marine Habitats and Best Practices
As the result of Arctic climate change and an increase in shipping season length, there is a growing interest in Arctic shipping operations. Sea ice serves as an important habitat for marine mammals, therefore, shipping through sea ice could lead to increased negative interactions with ice-bound mar...
| Format: | Review |
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| Language: | English |
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World Wildlife Fund (WWF)
2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://issuelab.org/resources/27417/27417.pdf https://issuelab.org/permalink/resource/27417 |
| Summary: | As the result of Arctic climate change and an increase in shipping season length, there is a growing interest in Arctic shipping operations. Sea ice serves as an important habitat for marine mammals, therefore, shipping through sea ice could lead to increased negative interactions with ice-bound marine mammals. The following literature review discusses the impacts of icebreaking on marine mammals and habitats. These impacts include: avoidance of areas where icebreaking is occurring, behavioral and physiological impacts of increased anthropogenic noise, entrapment, habitat destruction and fragmentation, and oil spills. |
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