STUDY OF THE SULFUR AND OXYGEN ISOTOPIC ANOMALIES IN VOLCANIC SULFATE PRESERVED IN GLACIOLOGICAL ARCHIVES

• Main Author: Baroni, Melanie
• Other Authors: Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph-Fourier - Grenoble I, Robert Delmas([e-mail]), Université de Californie à San Diego
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2006
• Subjects: VOLCANISM; GLACIOLOGICAL ARCHIVES; ISOTOPIC ANOMALY; SULFUR; OXYGEN; VOLCANISME; ARCHIVES GLACIAIRES; SULFATE; STRATOSPHERE; ANOMALIE ISOTOPIQUE; ISOTOPE; SOUFRE; OXYGENE; [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean; Atmosphere; South pole
• Online Access: https://theses.hal.science/tel-00115661; https://theses.hal.science/tel-00115661/document; https://theses.hal.science/tel-00115661/file/these-baroni.pdf

Plinian volcanism modify climate for several years by injecting large quantities of sulfur dioxide directly into the stratosphere, further oxidized to sulfuric acid droplets which reflect solar radiations and change the radiative properties of the atmosphere. Up to now, the study of volcanic signals preserved in glaciological archives was limited to the measurements of sulfate concentrations. We propose the use of new tools which are the sulfur and oxygen isotopic anomalies of volcanic sulfate recorded in Dome C and South Pole, to provide further insights into past volcanism. A study of the temporal evolution of the sulfur and oxygen isotopic anomalies in the Agung (March 1963) and the Pinatubo (June 1991) volcanic sulfate, has been conducted. The sulfur isotopic anomaly changes in sign with time from an initial positive component to a negative value. This change in sign is accompanied by a significant depletion of heavy isotopes with time. Sulfur isotopic anomaly is created during sulfur dioxide photochemical oxidation to sulfuric acid on a month time scale, indicative of a fast process. The oxygen isotopic anomaly seems to be linked to the quasi-biennal oscillation of the stratosphere. Twelve volcanic eruptions have been studied over the last millenium, by taking the whole sulfate signal. Sulfur isotopic anomaly allowed the identification of 6 stratospheric volcanic eruptions revealing the power of this tool when the nature of the eruption is unknown. Le volcanisme plinien modifie le climat pendant plusieurs années en injectant de grandes quantités de dioxyde de soufre directement dans la stratosphère, oxydé ensuite en gouttelettes d'acide sulfurique qui réfléchissent les rayonnements solaires et changent les propriétés radiatives de l'atmosphère. L'étude de signaux volcaniques préservés dans les archives glaciaires, consistait jusqu'à présent à simplement mesurer les concentrations de sulfate. Nous proposons l'utilisation de nouveaux traceurs que sont les anomalies isotopiques de l'oxygène et du soufre de ...