| Summary: | In Scandinavian languages there are many popular bird names, most of which have been recorded in the dialect archives in the Nordic countries. The thesis concentrates on the bird names for snipes, i.e. the common snipe, the great snipe, the jacksnipe and the woodcook, in all approx. 330 different names. Some of these are recognized throughout Scandinavia, while others are only sparsely confirmed in single dialects. An especially large number of names refer to the common snipe, mainly due to its typical vibrating sound. Since the sound resembles a certain unobtrusive whinny from a horse or bleat from a goat or a sheep, many of the names contain words associating to these animals. Names describing a creaking sound mostly refer to the woodcock. Fairly common are names describing the protruding beak, a characteristic feature of all snipes. In order to give a complete semantic and etymological picture, all words forming part of the names have been identified and sorted by category, i.e. words indicating a common implicit meaning. The categories in turn have been divided into two main groups: words describing different sounds, and words describing visual impressions. In addition, names describing popular beliefs and those transferred from other bird species are presented. Factors that influence origin, formation, existence and development of bird names have been considered. With the etymological discussion forming the necessary background, ethnological aswell as cultural influences complete the picture of the naming process. Man's need for identification and classification of phenomena in his environment as well as the presence vs. lack of affect are important factors in the process. As is shown, a striking sound along with a particular appearence has inspired many affected popular names, while scientific names largely refer to visual, non-affected impressions. Due to man's present lack of everyday connection with nature many of the popular bird names presented are no longer in use. However, some of the names prove to ...
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