| Summary: | Introduction. Available data suggests that by the year 2050, approximately half of the global population will experience nearsightedness, marking myopia as a genuine worldwide epidemic. To this day, the impact of nutrition on the progression of myopia has been lacking attention, but new researches are done in order to strengthen the idea, that high glycemic load carbohydrate diets, resulting in hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, may potentially disrupt the proper development of the sclera and choroid, thus inducing lasting alterations in the progression of myopia during the critical period of childhood growth. Aim of study. Elucidating the correlation between glucose metabolism, and its role in shaping the progression of myopia. Methods and materials. The analysis encompassed 15 studies conducted between 2013 and 2023, exploring the correlation between Western dietary patterns, characterized by increased intake of high glycemic load foods, and the risk of developing myopia in various countries. Results. Countries such as the United States, Australia, Sweden, Hungary, Switzerland, Iceland, France, Austria, Germany, Denmark, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Spain, Belgium, Finland, and New Zealand, collectively classified as the ldquo;Western diet countriesrdquo;, have been noted to experience enhancing incidences of hyperglycemia, insulin resistance IR, hyperinsulinemia, and type 2 diabetes DM. These diseases are a cause of glucose metabolism malfunction, typically arising from the dysregulation of two crucial hormones in glucose homoeostasis ndash; insulin and glucagon. In type 2 DM, insulin secretion is defective and delayed, coupled with resistance to its action. This affects the removal of glucose from the bloodstream to cell membranes and hinders the glucose uptake in the liver. Proper insulin secretion is also of major importance due to the fact that it exerts control over glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, stimulating the former and reciprocally inhibiting the latter, by catalyzing the expression of ...
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