Health Economics in Iceland

The paper describes the base of health economics. Health, well-being, accidents and death are prevalent concepts in the health sector. Health economics is concerned with analysing the financial impact of improvements. Health economics has not been given much attention in Iceland. This paper describe...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Einarsson, Ágúst
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:Icelandic
Published: Research in applied business and economics 2003
Subjects:
D61
H51
I12
I18
Online Access:https://ojs.hi.is/index.php/efnahagsmal/article/view/a.2003.1.1.6
Description
Summary:The paper describes the base of health economics. Health, well-being, accidents and death are prevalent concepts in the health sector. Health economics is concerned with analysing the financial impact of improvements. Health economics has not been given much attention in Iceland. This paper describes basic economic models for production in health care and the major indicators of the health sector in Iceland are explained, e.g. public expenditures and labour participation. The health sector in Iceland is compared with the health sectors of other countries, primarily the Nordic countries, but also the OECD countries. The situation in health care in Iceland is good, but the health expenditures are high compared to other countries, particularly in light of the relative young age of the Icelandic population. Finally, four evaluation methods in the health sector are briefly demonstrated, i.e. minimum-costs-analysis, cost-effectiveness-analysis, cost-utility-analysis and cost-benefit-analysis. Í greininni er lýst grunnatriðum í heilsuhagfræði. Þættir eins og heilsufar, vellíðan, sjúkdómar, slys og dauði eru algeng viðfangsefni innan heilbrigðisþjónustunnar. Í heilsuhagfræði er m.a. lagt fjárhagslegt mat á leiðir til úrbóta. Heilsuhagfræði hefur enn ekki hlotið mikla umfjöllun hérlendis. Í greininni er m.a. lýst grunnlíkönum í heilsugæslu og fjallað er um umfang heilbrigðismála í hagkerfinu hérlendis, svo sem opinber útgjöld og starfsmannafjölda. Einnig er staða heilbrigðismála á Íslandi rædd í samanburði við önnur lönd, einkum Norðurlönd en jafnframt innan OECD. Þar kemur m.a. í ljós að staðan í heilsugæslu hérlendis er góð en útgjöld til heilbrigðismála eru veruleg miðað við önnur lönd, sérstaklega sé tekið tillit til tiltölulega lágs aldurs íslensku þjóðarinnar. Að lokum er stuttlega fjallað um fjórar matsaðferðir innan heilsuhagfræðinnar, þ.e. lágmarkskostnaðargreiningu, kostnaðarárangursgreiningu, kostnaðarnytjagreiningu og kostnaðarábatagreiningu.