Democratic educational policy: Brief history and philosophical analysis

During most of the 20th century Icelandic educational policy aimed at developing public schools as fundamental institutions in a democratic society. However, it was not until 1974 that democracy was explicitly mentioned in the law pertaining to public schools. Earlier law is characterized by obvious...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Jónsson, Ólafur Páll
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:Icelandic
Published: Stjórnsýslustofnun 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ojs.hi.is/index.php/irpa/article/view/a.2014.10.1.6
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Summary:During most of the 20th century Icelandic educational policy aimed at developing public schools as fundamental institutions in a democratic society. However, it was not until 1974 that democracy was explicitly mentioned in the law pertaining to public schools. Earlier law is characterized by obvious democratic ideas, such as that schools should be open to everyone, that the school system should form a unified whole and that access to education should be equal. I will focus on public policy in education and consider when, whether and to what extent Icelandic educational policy was democratic. In this discussion, the law from 1974 has a special status, not only because of the ideals described in the law itself but also because of the extensive developmental work that was carried out in relation to the setting of the new law. I will argue that at that time there really was democratic educational policy in Iceland but that it was given up in the eighties and further abandoned in the nineties. Mestan hluta 20. aldarinnar einkenndist stefnumótun íslenskra stjórnvalda í skólamálum af hugmyndum um almenningsskóla sem stofnanir lýðræðislegs samfélags. Það var samt ekki fyrr en árið 1974 sem lög um almenningsskóla nefndu lýðræði berum orðum í markmiðskafla. Fyrri lagasetningar bera hins vegar með sér augljósar lýðræðislegar hugmyndir, ekki síst þá að menntun skuli ná til allra, að skólakerfi skuli vera heildstætt og að aðgangur að menntun skuli einkennast af jöfnuði. Ég mun beina sjónum mínum að opinberri stefnumótun og velta því fyrir mér hvenær, hvort og einnig að hvaða marki megi segja að á Íslandi hafi verið lýðræðisleg menntastefna. Í þessari umfjöllun hafa grunnskólalögin frá 1974 nokkra sérstöðu, bæði vegna þeirrar stefnumörkunar sem birtist í lögunum sjálfum en ekki síður vegna þess margvíslega starfs sem unnið var á vettvangi skólaþróunar í tengslum við þau. Ég mun færa rök fyrir því að á þessum tíma hafi verið eiginlega menntastefna við lýði en að hún hafi svo verið lögð af í sögukennsluskammdeginu á níunda ...