Global, regional, and national burden of colorectal cancer and its risk factors, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

• Published in: The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology
• Main Authors: Sharma, Rajesh, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Kisa, Adnan, Vos, Theo, Naghavi, Mohsen, Kisa, Sezer, Colorectal Cancer Collaborator, GBD 2019
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2022
• Subjects: Colorectal cancer; Cancer incidence rates; Cancer screening; Cancer burden; Cancer treatment strategies; Global studies; Daly; Greenland
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3012865; https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00044-9

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Given the recent increasing trends in colorectal cancer incidence globally, up-to-date information on the colorectal cancer burden could guide screening, early detection, and treatment strategies, and help effectively allocate resources. We examined the temporal patterns of the global, regional, and national burden of colorectal cancer and its risk factors in 204 countries and territories across the past three decades. Methods: Estimates of incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for colorectal cancer were generated as a part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 by age, sex, and geographical location for the period 1990–2019. Mortality estimates were produced using the cause of death ensemble model. We also calculated DALYs attributable to risk factors that had evidence of causation with colorectal cancer. Findings: Globally, between 1990 and 2019, colorectal cancer incident cases more than doubled, from 842 098 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 810 408–868574) to 2·17 million (2·00–2·34), and deaths increased from 518 126 (493 682–537 877) to 1·09 million (1·02–1·15). The global age-standardised incidence rate increased from 22·2 (95% UI 21·3–23·0) per 100000 to 26·7 (24·6–28·9) per 100000, whereas the age-standardised mortality rate decreased from 14·3 (13·5–14·9) per 100 000 to 13·7 (12·6–14·5) per 100 000 and the age-standardised DALY rate decreased from 308·5 (294·7–320·7) per 100000 to 295·5 (275·2–313·0) per 100000 from 1990 through 2019. Taiwan (province of China; 62·0 [48·9–80·0] per 100000), Monaco (60·7 [48·5–73·6] per 100000), and Andorra (56·6 [42·8–71·9] per 100 000) had the highest age-standardised incidence rates, while Greenland (31·4 [26·0–37·1] per 100 000), Brunei (30·3 [26·6–34·1] per 100 000), and Hungary (28·6 [23·6–34·0] per 100000) had the highest age-standardised mortality rates. From 1990 through 2019, a substantial rise in incidence rates ...