Artificial milk for wildlife orphaned neonates

• Published in: Veterinarska stanica
• Main Authors: Novak, Manca, Szenci, Otto
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Croatian veterinary institute 1481
• Subjects: wildlife orphaned neonates; artificial feeding; milk components; antimicrobial compounds of milk; microbiota of milk; milk replacers; novorođena siročad; umjetna prehrana; sastav mlijeka; antimikrobni sastav mlijeka; mikrobiota mlijeka; mliječni nadomjestci; Indian; Fin whale
• Online Access: https://hrcak.srce.hr/301546; https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/434977

Milk is a very complex nutrient and differs significantly between species. Monotreme and Marsupial milk contains only trace amounts of lactose, whereas in Eutherian species, lactose is the predominant saccharide. Within the Eutheria, the composition varies from 8.5% in Indian rhinoceros to 63.8% in Grey seal in concentration; from 0.3% in Indian rhinoceros to 9.3% in elephants in total fat; from 1.2% in Indian rhinoceros to 12.8% in Fin whale in total protein; and finally from 0.8% in Great panda to 6.5% in Indian rhinoceros in lactose. Milk components change during lactation and, especially in Marsupials, this should be considered in artificial feeding. Other factors to be taken into account are the amino acid panel, whey and casein fractions, iron and immunological components. In wildlife nursing, we often come across orphaned neonates that require artificial feeding. However, there are no specific formulas for each wildlife baby. The aim of this review is to compare which artificial milk replacer is best suited for selected species of wildlife neonates. Mlijeko je vrlo kompleksna hrana i znatno se razlikuje od vrste do vrste. Mlijeko jednootvora i tobolčara laktozu sadrži samo u tragovima, dok je u viših sisavaca ona prevladavajući ugljikohidrat. U viših sisavcima, koncentracija laktoze se kreće od: 8,5 % u indijskih nosoroga do 63,8 % u sivih tuljana. Ukupne masnoće kreću se od: 0,3 % u indijskih nosoroga do 9,3 % u slonova. Ukupne bjelančevine od 1,2 % u indijskih nosoroga do 12,8 % u kitova perajara i na kraju laktoza od 0,8 % u velikih panda do 6,5 % u indijskih nosoroga. Sastav mlijeka se tijekom laktacije mijenja, na što je posebno potrebno paziti prilikom hranjena tobolčara umjetnim mlijekom. Drugi čimbenici na koje je potrebno paziti su: panel aminokiselina, frakcije sirutke i kazeina, željezo i imunološke komponente. Kod skrbi za divlje životinje često pronalazimo novorođenu siročad koju je potrebno hraniti umjetnim mlijekom. Međutim, ne postoje posebne formule za svako mladunčedivlje životinje. ...