Milosrđe i solidarnost: od milostinje do institucionalizirane pravednosti

Pitanje milosrđa i solidarnosti može se promatrati pod različitim aspektima. Gledajući iz perspektive društvenoga nauka Crkve, ono se u znatnom dijelu odnosi na problematiku preraspodjele dobara i siromaštva. Davanje milostinje je kroz čitavu povijest Crkve odgovor na stanje siromaštva osoba pokraj...

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Bibliographic Details
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:Croatian
Published: 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hrcak.srce.hr/260575
https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/379028
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Summary:Pitanje milosrđa i solidarnosti može se promatrati pod različitim aspektima. Gledajući iz perspektive društvenoga nauka Crkve, ono se u znatnom dijelu odnosi na problematiku preraspodjele dobara i siromaštva. Davanje milostinje je kroz čitavu povijest Crkve odgovor na stanje siromaštva osoba pokraj nas. Premda je davanje milostinje kao izričaj kršćanske ljubavi i danas validno načelo crkvenoga učenja i prakse, u prošlosti se manje analiziralo uzroke siromaštva te je naglasak bio gotovo ili u potpunosti na toj praksi kada je riječ o nejednakostima među ljudima. S razvojem društvenog nauka Crkva sve više analizira uzroke siromaštva te traži promjene sustava kako bi se umanjile nejednakosti. Uzroci bez sumnje ne leže samo u siromašnim pojedincima ili narodima nego su sami mehanizmi funkcioniranja suvremenoga društva, poglavito gospodarstva, oni koji proizvode siromaštvo i produbljuju nejednakosti između malog broja bogatih i sve većih masa siromašnih. Stoga milostinja, koliko god poželjna i potrebna, nije dostatan odgovor na te pojave, nego se u suvremenom svijetu, karakteriziranom globalizacijskim procesima i visokim stupnjem međusobne ovisnosti pojedinaca i država, zahtijeva adekvatan odgovor koji Crkva vidi u solidarnosti shvaćenoj ne kao pukom suosjećanju sa siromašnima i stradalnicima, nego kao aktivnom načelu uređenja međuljudskih odnosa koje teži prema institucionalnom strukturiranju u svrhu ostvarenja općeg dobra i društvene pravednosti. U ovom ćemo radu najprije analizirati odnos prema siromaštvu i uzrocima siromaštva. Drugi dio će predstaviti ukratko crkveno učenje o milostinji i njezinu povezanost s kreposti pravednosti da bismo onda prešli na područje solidarnosti te razmotrili pitanje mogućnosti institucionaliziranja te socijalne kreposti u suvremenom društvu. The question of mercy and solidarity can be seen from different aspects. From the perspective of the Social Doctrine of the Church, this question substantially refers to the problem of wealth distribution and poverty. Through the entire history of the Church, charitable giving has been a response to the conditions of poverty that surround us. Even though charitable giving, as a form of Christian love, is a valid principle of Church teaching and practice, in the past less attention was paid to the causes of poverty: emphasis was placed on the praxis of charitable giving in a context of social inequality. With the evolution of its Social Doctrine, the Church has increasingly sought to understand the causes of poverty and to strive for a system shift that will reduce inequality. Without doubt, the causes lie not only in individual poverty, but in the way that modern society functions, specifically prevailing economic mechanisms that generate poverty and increase inequality between a wealthy minority and an impoverished majority. Charity, while it is advisable and necessary, is not a sufficient response to this phenomenon in the contemporary world, characterized by globalization processes and a high rate of mutual interdependency of individuals and states. The article affirms that solidarity is the appropriate response of the Church, intended not as simple compassion for the poorest victims but as an active principle in the regulation of human relations, directed toward institutional structuring in order to achieve social justice and the common good. The article begins by analyzing the relationship between poverty and its causes and moves from there to an analysis of Church teaching on charity and its connection to the virtue of justice, concluding with a consideration of solidarity, asking if this social virtue can be institutionalized in contemporary society.