The bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes
All skeletal muscles produce their largest forces at a single optimal length, losing force when stretched or shortened. In vertebrate feeding systems, this fundamental force–length relationship translates to variation in bite force across gape, which affects the food types that can be eaten effectiv...
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fthighwire:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:jexbio:223/20/jeb223180 2023-05-15T17:52:51+02:00 The bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes Kaczmarek, Elska B. Gidmark, Nicholas J. 2020-10-29 00:32:54.0 text/html http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/223/20/jeb223180 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.223180 en eng The Company of Biologists Ltd http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/223/20/jeb223180 http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.223180 Copyright (C) 2020, Company of Biologists SHORT COMMUNICATION TEXT 2020 fthighwire https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.223180 2020-11-11T19:08:46Z All skeletal muscles produce their largest forces at a single optimal length, losing force when stretched or shortened. In vertebrate feeding systems, this fundamental force–length relationship translates to variation in bite force across gape, which affects the food types that can be eaten effectively. We measured the bite force–gape curves of two sympatric species: king salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) and pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ). Cranial anatomical measurements were not significantly different between species; however, peak bite forces were produced at significantly different gapes. Maximum bite force was achieved at 67% of maximum gape for king salmon and 43% of maximum gape for pink salmon. This may allow king salmon to use greater force when eating large or elusive prey. In contrast, pink salmon do not require high forces at extreme gapes for filter feeding. Our results illustrate that the bite force–gape relationship is an important ecophysiological axis of variation. Text Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Pink salmon HighWire Press (Stanford University) Journal of Experimental Biology |
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HighWire Press (Stanford University) |
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English |
topic |
SHORT COMMUNICATION |
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SHORT COMMUNICATION Kaczmarek, Elska B. Gidmark, Nicholas J. The bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes |
topic_facet |
SHORT COMMUNICATION |
description |
All skeletal muscles produce their largest forces at a single optimal length, losing force when stretched or shortened. In vertebrate feeding systems, this fundamental force–length relationship translates to variation in bite force across gape, which affects the food types that can be eaten effectively. We measured the bite force–gape curves of two sympatric species: king salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) and pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ). Cranial anatomical measurements were not significantly different between species; however, peak bite forces were produced at significantly different gapes. Maximum bite force was achieved at 67% of maximum gape for king salmon and 43% of maximum gape for pink salmon. This may allow king salmon to use greater force when eating large or elusive prey. In contrast, pink salmon do not require high forces at extreme gapes for filter feeding. Our results illustrate that the bite force–gape relationship is an important ecophysiological axis of variation. |
format |
Text |
author |
Kaczmarek, Elska B. Gidmark, Nicholas J. |
author_facet |
Kaczmarek, Elska B. Gidmark, Nicholas J. |
author_sort |
Kaczmarek, Elska B. |
title |
The bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes |
title_short |
The bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes |
title_full |
The bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes |
title_fullStr |
The bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes |
title_full_unstemmed |
The bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes |
title_sort |
bite force-gape relationship as an avenue of biomechanical adaptation to trophic niche in two salmonid fishes |
publisher |
The Company of Biologists Ltd |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/223/20/jeb223180 https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.223180 |
genre |
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Pink salmon |
genre_facet |
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Pink salmon |
op_relation |
http://jeb.biologists.org/cgi/content/short/223/20/jeb223180 http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.223180 |
op_rights |
Copyright (C) 2020, Company of Biologists |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.223180 |
container_title |
Journal of Experimental Biology |
_version_ |
1766160585994534912 |