Cosmological shocks around galaxy clusters: A coherent investigation with DES, SPT & ACT

• Published in: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• Main Authors: Anbajagane, D, Chang, C, Baxter, E.J, Charney, S, Lokken, M, Aguena, M, Allam, S, Alves, O, Amon, A, An, R, Andrade-Oliveira, F, Bacon, D, Battaglia, N, Bechtol, K, Becker, M.R, Benson, B.A, Bernstein, G.M, Bleem, L, Bocquet, S, Bond, J.R, Brooks, D, Carnero Rosell, A, Carrasco Kind, M, Chen, R, Choi, A, Costanzi, M, Crawford, T.M, Crocce, M, da Costa, L.N, Pereira, M.E.S, Davis, T.M, de Vicente, J, Desai, S, Devlin, M.J, Diehl, H.T, Doel, P, Doux, C, Drlica-Wagner, A, Elvin-Poole, J, Ferrero, I, Ferté, A, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Friedel, D, Frieman, J, García-Bellido, J, Gatti, M, Giannini, G, Grandis, S, Gruen, D, Gruendl, R.A, Gutierrez, G, Harrison, I, Hill, J.C, Hilton, M, Hinton, S.R, Hollowood, D.L, Honscheid, K, Jain, B, James, D.J, Jarvis, M, Kuehn, K, Lin, M, Maccrann, N, Marshall, J.L, Mccullough, J, Mcmahon, J.J, Mena-Fernández, J, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Moodley, K, Mroczkowski, T, Myles, J, Naess, S, Navarro-Alsina, A, Ogando, R.L.C, Page, L.A, Palmese, A, Pandey, S, Patridge, B, Pieres, A, Plazas Malagón, A.A, Porredon, A, Prat, J, Reichardt, C, Reil, K, Rodriguez-Monroy, M, Rollins, R.P, Romer, A.K, Rykoff, E.S, Sanchez, E, Sánchez, C, Cid, D. Sanchez, Schaan, E, Schubnell, M, Secco, L.F, Sevilla-Noarbe, I, Sheldon, E, Shin, T, Sifón, C, Smith, M, Staggs, S.T, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M.E.C, Tarle, G, To, C, Troxel, M.A, Tutusaus, I, Vavagiakis, E.M, Weaverdyck, N, Weller, J, Wiseman, P, Wollack, E.J, Yanny, B
• Other Authors: Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, SPT, ACT
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2024
• Subjects: [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]; South pole
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-04237403; https://hal.science/hal-04237403/document; https://hal.science/hal-04237403/file/stad3726.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad3726

International audience We search for signatures of cosmological shocks in gas pressure profiles of galaxy clusters using the cluster catalogs from three surveys: the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3, the South Pole Telescope (SPT) SZ survey, and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) data releases 4, 5, and 6, and using thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) maps from SPT and ACT. The combined cluster sample contains around $10^5$ clusters with mass and redshift ranges $10^{13.7} < M_{\rm 200m}/M_\odot < 10^{15.5}$ and $0.1 < z < 2$, and the total sky coverage of the maps is $\approx 15,000 \,\,{\rm deg}^2$. We find a clear pressure deficit at $R/R_{\rm 200m}\approx 1.1$ in SZ profiles around both ACT and SPT clusters, estimated at $6\sigma$ significance, which is qualitatively consistent with a shock-induced thermal non-equilibrium between electrons and ions. The feature is not as clearly determined in profiles around DES clusters. We verify that measurements using SPT or ACT maps are consistent across all scales, including in the deficit feature. The SZ profiles of optically selected and SZ-selected clusters are also consistent for higher mass clusters. Those of less massive, optically selected clusters are suppressed on small scales by factors of 2-5 compared to predictions, and we discuss possible interpretations of this behavior. An oriented stacking of clusters -- where the orientation is inferred from the SZ image, the brightest cluster galaxy, or the surrounding large-scale structure measured using galaxy catalogs -- shows the normalization of the one-halo and two-halo terms vary with orientation. Finally, the location of the pressure deficit feature is statistically consistent with existing estimates of the splashback radius.