Estimated Change in Tundra Ecosystem Function Near Barrow, Alaska Between 1972 and 2010

How the greening of Arctic landscapes manifests as a change in ecosystem structure and function remains largely unknown. This study investigates the likely implications of plant community change on ecosystem function in tundra near Barrow, Alaska. We use structural data from marked plots, establishe...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lara, M. J., Villarreal, S., Johnson, D. R., Hollister, R. D., Webber, P. J., Tweedie, C. E.
Format: Text
Language:unknown
Published: ScholarWorks@GVSU 2012
Subjects:
plant community change
ecosystem function
long-term change
Barrow
Alaska
International Biological Program
climate change
Arctic
albedo
Climate change
International Polar Year
Tundra
Online Access:https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/biopeerpubs/36
https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1035&context=biopeerpubs
Description
Summary:How the greening of Arctic landscapes manifests as a change in ecosystem structure and function remains largely unknown. This study investigates the likely implications of plant community change on ecosystem function in tundra near Barrow, Alaska. We use structural data from marked plots, established in 1972 and resampled in 1999, 2008 and 2010 to assess plant community change. Ecosystem functional studies were made close to peak growing season in 2008 and 2010 on destructive plots adjacent to marked plots and included measurement of land–atmosphere CH4 and CO2 exchange, hyperspectral reflectance, albedo, water table height, soil moisture, and plant species cover and abundance. Species cover and abundance data from marked and destructive plots were analyzed together using non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMS) ordination. NMS axis scores from destructive plots were used to krig ecosystem function variables in ordination space and produce surface plots from which time series of functional attributes for resampled plots were derived. Generally, the greatest functional change was found in aquatic and wet plant communities, where productivity varied and soil moisture increased, increasing methane efflux. Functional change was minimal in moist and dry communities, which experienced a general decrease in soil moisture availability and appeared overall to be functionally more stable through time. Findings suggest that the Barrow landscape could have become less productive and less responsive to change and disturbance over the past few decades. This study is a contribution to the International Polar Year-Back to the Future Project (512).

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