Data_Sheet_1_Implications of Zoonoses From Hunting and Use of Wildlife in North American Arctic and Boreal Biomes: Pandemic Potential, Monitoring, and Mitigation.PDF

• Main Authors: Lucy O. Keatts, Martin Robards, Sarah H. Olson, Karsten Hueffer, Stephen J. Insley, Damien O. Joly, Susan Kutz, David S. Lee, Cheryl-Lesley B. Chetkiewicz, Stéphane Lair, Nicholas D. Preston, Mathieu Pruvot, Justina C. Ray, Donald Reid, Jonathan M. Sleeman, Raphaela Stimmelmayr, Craig Stephen, Chris Walzer
• Format: Dataset
• Language: unknown
• Published: 2021
• Subjects: Mental Health Nursing; Midwifery; Nursing not elsewhere classified; Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health; Aged Health Care; Care for Disabled; Community Child Health; Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety; Epidemiology; Family Care; Health and Community Services; Health Care Administration; Health Counselling; Health Information Systems (incl. Surveillance); Health Promotion; Preventive Medicine; Primary Health Care; Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified; Nanotoxicology; Health and Safety; Medicine; Nursing and Health Curriculum and Pedagogy; wildlife; hunting; zoonotic; pandemic; Arctic; boreal; Indigenous; One Health
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.627654.s001; https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Data_Sheet_1_Implications_of_Zoonoses_From_Hunting_and_Use_of_Wildlife_in_North_American_Arctic_and_Boreal_Biomes_Pandemic_Potential_Monitoring_and_Mitigation_PDF/14539365

The COVID-19 pandemic has re-focused attention on mechanisms that lead to zoonotic disease spillover and spread. Commercial wildlife trade, and associated markets, are recognized mechanisms for zoonotic disease emergence, resulting in a growing global conversation around reducing human disease risks from spillover associated with hunting, trade, and consumption of wild animals. These discussions are especially relevant to people who rely on harvesting wildlife to meet nutritional, and cultural needs, including those in Arctic and boreal regions. Global policies around wildlife use and trade can impact food sovereignty and security, especially of Indigenous Peoples. We reviewed known zoonotic pathogens and current risks of transmission from wildlife (including fish) to humans in North American Arctic and boreal biomes, and evaluated the epidemic and pandemic potential of these zoonoses. We discuss future concerns, and consider monitoring and mitigation measures in these changing socio-ecological systems. While multiple zoonotic pathogens circulate in these systems, risks to humans are mostly limited to individual illness or local community outbreaks. These regions are relatively remote, subject to very cold temperatures, have relatively low wildlife, domestic animal, and pathogen diversity, and in many cases low density, including of humans. Hence, favorable conditions for emergence of novel diseases or major amplification of a spillover event are currently not present. The greatest risk to northern communities from pathogens of pandemic potential is via introduction with humans visiting from other areas. However, Arctic and boreal ecosystems are undergoing rapid changes through climate warming, habitat encroachment, and development; all of which can change host and pathogen relationships, thereby affecting the probability of the emergence of new (and re-emergence of old) zoonoses. Indigenous leadership and engagement in disease monitoring, prevention and response, is vital from the outset, and would increase the ...