Cultural Relativism, Marxism, and Soviet Policy toward the Khanty

The aims of this paper are fivefold: 1- to present data regarding some specific instances of conflict and change among the Khanty of western Siberia during the 1930’s; 2- to show that these changes cannot be evaluated from a cultural relativist point of view; 3- to evaluate these changes in light of...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Bartels, Dennis
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: Canadian Anthropology Society / Société Canadienne d’Anthropologie (CASCA), formerly/anciennement Canadian Ethnology Society / Société Canadienne d’Ethnologie 1983
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Online Access:http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1078133ar
https://doi.org/10.7202/1078133ar
Description
Summary:The aims of this paper are fivefold: 1- to present data regarding some specific instances of conflict and change among the Khanty of western Siberia during the 1930’s; 2- to show that these changes cannot be evaluated from a cultural relativist point of view; 3- to evaluate these changes in light of a critique of cultural relativism recently proposed by Arthur Hippler; 4- to tentatively outline a Marxist critique of cultural relativism which is based on the ideas of several Soviet and Western anthropologists; and, 5- to evaluate changes among the Khanty during the 1930’s in light of this Marxist critique of cultural relativism. Cet article a cinq buts: 1- présenter des cas spécifiques de situations conflictuelles et de changement social durant les années 1930 au sein de la population khanty établie en Sibérie occidentale; 2- montrer que la thèse du relativisme culturel ne peut rendre compte de ces changements; 3- examiner ces changements à la lumière de la critique du relativisme culturel proposée récemment par Arthur Hippler; 4- exposer à grands traits une critique marxiste du relativisme culturel à partir des idées de quelques anthropologues soviétiques et occidentaux; 5- enfin, examiner les changements survenus chez les Khanty durant les années 1930 selon cette critique marxiste du relativisme culturel.