Study of the endoparasites of the Pyrenean Brown bear (Ursus arctos)

The Pyrenean brown bear population is in critical danger of extinction. It has been the subject of reintroductions, its number is gradually increasing, reaching 64 individuals in 2020 but remains threatened in particular by longterm consanguinity. Our experimental study aimed to describe the endopar...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Cesari, Théo
Other Authors: Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Emmanuel Liénard
Format: Master Thesis
Language:French
Published: HAL CCSD 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-04529742
https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-04529742/document
https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-04529742/file/CESARI_28765.pdf
Description
Summary:The Pyrenean brown bear population is in critical danger of extinction. It has been the subject of reintroductions, its number is gradually increasing, reaching 64 individuals in 2020 but remains threatened in particular by longterm consanguinity. Our experimental study aimed to describe the endoparasites present in the Pyrenean brown bear population using coproscopy by flotation method with a high-density liquid (Sodium polytungstate) on 156 fresh or frozen samples. The results show the fecal presence of nematode larvae (39.1%), Crenosoma-like larvae (5.1%), Dicrocoelium dendriticum (15.4%), nematodes eggs of two types, 1 and 2 (10.9% and 1.3% respectively), oocysts of Coccidia (2.6%) and Monocystis sp (0,6%), eggs of Trichuris sp (1.3%) and Capillariidae (1.9%), Cestode-like eggs (2.6%), Trematode-like eggs (4.5%) and the absence of B. transfuga, a specific parasite of bears. The presence of these parasites as true parasites or pseudoparasites is not established and more precise identificationof taxa requires the use of molecular techniques. The effect of factors such as age or season on prevalence could not be achieved and the impact of these parasites on the conservation of the population remains unknown. La population d’Ours brun des Pyrénées est en danger critique d’extinction. Elle a fait l’objet de réintroductions, son effectif augmente progressivement, il atteint 64 individus en 2020 mais reste menacé notamment par la consanguinité à long terme. Notre étude expérimentale avait pour objectif la description originale des endoparasites présents dans la population d’Ours brun des Pyrénées à partir de coproscopie par méthode de flottation avec un liquide à haute densité (Polytungstate de sodium) sur 156 échantillons frais ou congelés. Les résultats obtenus montrent la présence dans les échantillons de selles de larves de nématodes (39,1%), de larves de type Crenosoma sp (5,1%), de Dicrocoelium dendriticum (15,4%), d’oeufs de nématode de 2 catégories, 1 et 2 (10,9% et 1,3% respectivement), d’oocystes de ...