Remote Sensing of In-Flight Icing Conditions Operational, Meteorological, and Technological Considerations

Remote-sensing systems that map aircraft icing conditions in the flight path from airports or aircraft would allow icing to be avoided and exited. Icing remote-sensing system development requires consideration of the operational environment, the meteorological environment, and the technology availab...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Ryerson, Charles C.
Other Authors: COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: 2000
Subjects:
Meteorology
Snow
Ice and Permafrost
Active & Passive Radar Detection & Equipment
*ICE FORMATION
*METEOROLOGICAL RADAR
*REMOTE DETECTORS
*ICE REPORTING
INTEGRATED SYSTEMS
COCKPITS
ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE
HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING
MOISTURE CONTENT
DATA DISPLAYS
RADIOMETERS
AVIATION SAFETY
FLIGHT PATHS
CLOUD PHYSICS
HUMIDITY
ICE FORECASTING
*AIRCRAFT ICING
Ice
permafrost
Online Access:http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA373085
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA373085
Description
Summary:Remote-sensing systems that map aircraft icing conditions in the flight path from airports or aircraft would allow icing to be avoided and exited. Icing remote-sensing system development requires consideration of the operational environment, the meteorological environment, and the technology available. Operationally, pilots need unambiguous cockpit icing displays for risk management decision-making. Human factors, aircraft integration, integration of remotely sensed icing information into the weather system infrastructures, and avoid-and-exit issues need resolution. An icing remote-sensing system detects cloud and precipitation liquid water, drop size, and temperature. An algorithm is needed to convert these conditions into icing potential estimates for cockpit display. Specification development requires that magnitudes of cloud microphysical conditions and their spatial and temporal variability be understood at multiple scales. The core of an icing remote-sensing system is the technology that senses icing microphysical conditions. Radar and microwave radiometers penetrate clouds and can estimate liquid water and drop size. Airport-based radar or radiometers are the most viable near-term technologies. A radiometer that profiles cloud liquid water, and experimental techniques to use radiometers horizontally, are promising. The most critical operational research needs are to assess cockpit and aircraft system integration, develop avoid-and-exit protocols, assess human factors, and integrate remote-sensing information into weather and air traffic control infrastructures. This report reviews operational, meteorological, and technological considerations in developing the capability to remotely map in-flight icing conditions from the ground and from the air.

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