Flexural Strength of Lake Ice in Relation to Its Growth Structure and Thermal History.

In-place cantilever beam tests on Post Pond and Mascoma Lake (N.H.) ice yielded a maximum flexural strength of 7.1 kg/sq cm. The minimum strength, unrelated to failure along pre-existing cracks in the ice, was 2.9 kg/sq cm. The majority of tests were performed in the push-down mode after it was disc...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gow,Anthony J., Langston,David
Other Authors: COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: 1975
Subjects:
Snow
Ice and Permafrost
*ICE
GROUND LEVEL
TEMPERATURE
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES
STRESS TESTING
CRACKS
ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE
FIELD TESTS
ORIENTATION(DIRECTION)
TEST METHODS
FLEXURAL STRENGTH
FAILURE(MECHANICS)
LAKES
CRYSTAL GROWTH
Ice
permafrost
Online Access:http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA020964
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA020964
Description
Summary:In-place cantilever beam tests on Post Pond and Mascoma Lake (N.H.) ice yielded a maximum flexural strength of 7.1 kg/sq cm. The minimum strength, unrelated to failure along pre-existing cracks in the ice, was 2.9 kg/sq cm. The majority of tests were performed in the push-down mode after it was discovered that beams tested in the pull-up mode, which places the bottom surface in tension, frequently broke prematurely along cracks in the bottom of the ice. Premature failures of this kind usually occurred at stresses of 2-3 kg/sq cm. Data further demonstrate that the intrinsic strength of lake ice decreases sigificantly as the surface air temperature goes to 0 C. Ice that has just become isothermal, but has not yet begun to candle, has a strength of about 4 kf/sq cm; ice that has been subjected to prolonged periods of above-freezing air temperatures generally fails at about 3 kg/sq cm. Tests also show that cold unrecrystallized snow-ice is as strong as the underlying lake ice. Tests of the effect of crystalline structure indicate that ice composed of crystals with their c-axes horizontal is measurably stronger than ice in which the crystals are oriented with their c-axes vertical. (Author)

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