Measurements of Explosion-Induced Shock Waves in Ice and Snow, Greenland, 1957 and 1958

Pressure-time histories of shock waves, both above and below the surface, were obtained in the proximity of high-explosive charges detonated in ice and snow. Measurements with piezoelectric gages were obtained from 15 explosions in glacial ice and 36 explosions in deep snow. Four different charge ty...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ingram, L. F., Halper, S. H.
Other Authors: ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: 1960
Subjects:
Snow
Ice and Permafrost
Explosions
*SNOW
*ICE
*ARCTIC REGIONS
SHOCK WAVES
GREENLAND
DETONATION WAVES
DETONATIONS
TEST METHODS
EXPLOSION EFFECTS
Arctic
Greenland
Ice
permafrost
Online Access:http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0756307
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=AD0756307
Description
Summary:Pressure-time histories of shock waves, both above and below the surface, were obtained in the proximity of high-explosive charges detonated in ice and snow. Measurements with piezoelectric gages were obtained from 15 explosions in glacial ice and 36 explosions in deep snow. Four different charge types, with weights ranging from 2.5 to 160 lb, were fired. Charge positions ranged from above the surface to a depth of 23.10 ft below the surface. The resulting pressure, impulse, and shock-velocity data exhibited considerable scatter when plotted as a function of reduced distance. At distances of 2 to 20 ft from the charge, the mean shock velocities were 11,500 fps in ice and 4200 fps in snow.

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