DIRECT OBSERVATIONS OF LOW-ENERGY ELECTRONS IN THE DISTURBED IONOSPHERIC E-REGION

Differential spectra of electrons 20-3,000 eV in energy have been directly measured in the ionosphere for the first time. The spectrometer used an open electron multiplier as its detector, counting individual electrons. It was carried in Black Brant II rockets launched in 1963 at Churchill, Manitoba...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Heikkila,W. J., Matthews,D. L.
Other Authors: DEFENCE RESEARCH TELECOMMUNICATIONS ESTABLISHMENT OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
Format: Text
Language:English
Published: 1964
Subjects:
*ELECTRON DENSITY
*IONOSPHERE
MEASUREMENT
ELECTRONS
ENERGY
EXTRATERRESTRIAL RADIO WAVES
UNITED KINGDOM
MAGNETIC FIELDS
ABSORPTION
MANITOBA
ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDING
SOUNDING ROCKETS
ELECTRON MULTIPLIERS
TEST METHODS
PHOTOELECTRONS
SPECTRUM ANALYZERS
SECONDARY EMISSION
BLACK BRANT
E REGION
Brant
Canada
Churchill
Online Access:http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0454956
http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=AD0454956
Description
Summary:Differential spectra of electrons 20-3,000 eV in energy have been directly measured in the ionosphere for the first time. The spectrometer used an open electron multiplier as its detector, counting individual electrons. It was carried in Black Brant II rockets launched in 1963 at Churchill, Manitoba, in the presence of so-called auroral absorption (of very-high-frequency cosmic radio noise). Electrons of energy < 100 keV, precipitated into the ionosphere by processes not understood but closely related to magnetic activity, are considered to be the main cause of these events. In order to provide a more complete spectrum, measurements of electrons above 10 keV were made aboard the same rockets by instruments from the National Research Council of Canada. In addition, experiments measuring electron density and radio-wave propagation effects were carried out, the results from which will be discussed in future publications. (Author)

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