Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality
This study aims to estimate the mortality risk associated with air pollution in a Swedish cohort with relatively low exposure. Air pollution models were used to estimate annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ), primary emitted carbonaceous partic...
Published in: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2021
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 https://doaj.org/article/e886c7402da546448ade39aa7240b4c5 |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e886c7402da546448ade39aa7240b4c5 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e886c7402da546448ade39aa7240b4c5 2023-05-15T17:44:51+02:00 Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality Johan N. Sommar Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt Camilla Geels Lise M. Frohn Jørgen Brandt Jesper H. Christensen Ole Raaschou-Nielsen Bertil Forsberg 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 https://doaj.org/article/e886c7402da546448ade39aa7240b4c5 EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/16/8476 https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 doi:10.3390/ijerph18168476 1660-4601 1661-7827 https://doaj.org/article/e886c7402da546448ade39aa7240b4c5 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 8476, p 8476 (2021) air pollution components carbonaceous particles secondary inorganic aerosols secondary organic aerosols sea salt mortality Medicine R article 2021 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 2022-12-31T10:11:38Z This study aims to estimate the mortality risk associated with air pollution in a Swedish cohort with relatively low exposure. Air pollution models were used to estimate annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ), primary emitted carbonaceous particles (BC/pOC), sea salt, chemically formed particles grouped as secondary inorganic and organic aerosols (SIA and SOA) as well as ozone (O 3 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ). The exposure, as a moving average was calculated based on home address for the time windows 1 year (lag 1), 1–5 years (lag 1–5) and 1–10 years (lag 1–10) preceding the death. During the study period, 1151 cases of natural mortality, 253 cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and 113 cases of respiratory and lung cancer mortality were observed during 369,394 person-years of follow-up. Increased natural mortality was observed in association with NO 2 (3% [95% CI −8–14%] per IQR) and PM 2.5 (2% [95% CI −5–9%] for an IQR increase) and its components, except for SOA where a decreased risk was observed. Higher risk increases were observed for CVD mortality (e.g., 18% [95% CI 1–39%] per IQR for NO 2 ). These findings at low exposure levels are relevant for future decisions concerning air quality policies. Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Sweden Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18 16 8476 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
air pollution components carbonaceous particles secondary inorganic aerosols secondary organic aerosols sea salt mortality Medicine R |
spellingShingle |
air pollution components carbonaceous particles secondary inorganic aerosols secondary organic aerosols sea salt mortality Medicine R Johan N. Sommar Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt Camilla Geels Lise M. Frohn Jørgen Brandt Jesper H. Christensen Ole Raaschou-Nielsen Bertil Forsberg Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
topic_facet |
air pollution components carbonaceous particles secondary inorganic aerosols secondary organic aerosols sea salt mortality Medicine R |
description |
This study aims to estimate the mortality risk associated with air pollution in a Swedish cohort with relatively low exposure. Air pollution models were used to estimate annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM 2.5 ), primary emitted carbonaceous particles (BC/pOC), sea salt, chemically formed particles grouped as secondary inorganic and organic aerosols (SIA and SOA) as well as ozone (O 3 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ). The exposure, as a moving average was calculated based on home address for the time windows 1 year (lag 1), 1–5 years (lag 1–5) and 1–10 years (lag 1–10) preceding the death. During the study period, 1151 cases of natural mortality, 253 cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and 113 cases of respiratory and lung cancer mortality were observed during 369,394 person-years of follow-up. Increased natural mortality was observed in association with NO 2 (3% [95% CI −8–14%] per IQR) and PM 2.5 (2% [95% CI −5–9%] for an IQR increase) and its components, except for SOA where a decreased risk was observed. Higher risk increases were observed for CVD mortality (e.g., 18% [95% CI 1–39%] per IQR for NO 2 ). These findings at low exposure levels are relevant for future decisions concerning air quality policies. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Johan N. Sommar Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt Camilla Geels Lise M. Frohn Jørgen Brandt Jesper H. Christensen Ole Raaschou-Nielsen Bertil Forsberg |
author_facet |
Johan N. Sommar Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt Camilla Geels Lise M. Frohn Jørgen Brandt Jesper H. Christensen Ole Raaschou-Nielsen Bertil Forsberg |
author_sort |
Johan N. Sommar |
title |
Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
title_short |
Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
title_full |
Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
title_fullStr |
Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long-Term Residential Exposure to Particulate Matter and Its Components, Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone—A Northern Sweden Cohort Study on Mortality |
title_sort |
long-term residential exposure to particulate matter and its components, nitrogen dioxide and ozone—a northern sweden cohort study on mortality |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 https://doaj.org/article/e886c7402da546448ade39aa7240b4c5 |
genre |
Northern Sweden |
genre_facet |
Northern Sweden |
op_source |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 8476, p 8476 (2021) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/16/8476 https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827 https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601 doi:10.3390/ijerph18168476 1660-4601 1661-7827 https://doaj.org/article/e886c7402da546448ade39aa7240b4c5 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168476 |
container_title |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
container_volume |
18 |
container_issue |
16 |
container_start_page |
8476 |
_version_ |
1766147147025088512 |