Merohedral Mechanism Twining Growth of Natural Cation-Ordered Tetragonal Grossular
Garnet supergroup minerals are in the interest of different applications in geology, mineralogy, and petrology and as optical material for material science. The growth twins of natural tetragonal grossular from the Wiluy River, Yakutia, Russia, were investigated using single-crystal X-ray diffractio...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:e5f66772f0774d979c355021e09e1d1e 2023-05-15T18:45:07+02:00 Merohedral Mechanism Twining Growth of Natural Cation-Ordered Tetragonal Grossular Taras L. Panikorovskii Irina O. Galuskina Vladimir N. Bocharov Vladimir V. Shilovskikh Evgeny V. Galuskin 2022-11-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111638 https://doaj.org/article/e5f66772f0774d979c355021e09e1d1e EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/11/1638 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4352 doi:10.3390/cryst12111638 2073-4352 https://doaj.org/article/e5f66772f0774d979c355021e09e1d1e Crystals, Vol 12, Iss 1638, p 1638 (2022) grossular twin merohedral twinning hydrogarnet defect cation ordering crystal structure Crystallography QD901-999 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111638 2022-12-30T20:09:28Z Garnet supergroup minerals are in the interest of different applications in geology, mineralogy, and petrology and as optical material for material science. The growth twins of natural tetragonal grossular from the Wiluy River, Yakutia, Russia, were investigated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, optical studies, Raman spectroscopy, microprobe, and scanning electron microscopy. The studied grossular is pseudo-cubic (a = 11.9390 (4), c = 11.9469 (6) Å) and birefringent (0.01). Its structure was refined in the Ia <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mover accent="true"><mn>3</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></semantics></math> d , I 4 1 / acd , I 4 1 / a , and I <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mn>4</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>2</mn></mrow></semantics></math> d space groups. The I 4 1 / a space group was chosen as the most possible one due to the absence of violating reflections and ordering of Mg 2+ and Fe 3+ in two independent octahedral sites, which cause the symmetry breaking according to the group–subgroup relation Ia <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mover accent="true"><mn>3</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></semantics></math> d → I 4 1 / a . Octahedral crystals of (H 4 O 4 ) 4− -substituted grossular are merohedrally twinned by twofold axis along [110]. The mechanism of twining growth led to the generation of stacking faults on the (110) plane and results in the formation of crystals with a long prismatic habit. Article in Journal/Newspaper Yakutia Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Crystals 12 11 1638 |
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Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
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ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
grossular twin merohedral twinning hydrogarnet defect cation ordering crystal structure Crystallography QD901-999 |
spellingShingle |
grossular twin merohedral twinning hydrogarnet defect cation ordering crystal structure Crystallography QD901-999 Taras L. Panikorovskii Irina O. Galuskina Vladimir N. Bocharov Vladimir V. Shilovskikh Evgeny V. Galuskin Merohedral Mechanism Twining Growth of Natural Cation-Ordered Tetragonal Grossular |
topic_facet |
grossular twin merohedral twinning hydrogarnet defect cation ordering crystal structure Crystallography QD901-999 |
description |
Garnet supergroup minerals are in the interest of different applications in geology, mineralogy, and petrology and as optical material for material science. The growth twins of natural tetragonal grossular from the Wiluy River, Yakutia, Russia, were investigated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, optical studies, Raman spectroscopy, microprobe, and scanning electron microscopy. The studied grossular is pseudo-cubic (a = 11.9390 (4), c = 11.9469 (6) Å) and birefringent (0.01). Its structure was refined in the Ia <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mover accent="true"><mn>3</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></semantics></math> d , I 4 1 / acd , I 4 1 / a , and I <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mover accent="true"><mn>4</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>2</mn></mrow></semantics></math> d space groups. The I 4 1 / a space group was chosen as the most possible one due to the absence of violating reflections and ordering of Mg 2+ and Fe 3+ in two independent octahedral sites, which cause the symmetry breaking according to the group–subgroup relation Ia <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mover accent="true"><mn>3</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></semantics></math> d → I 4 1 / a . Octahedral crystals of (H 4 O 4 ) 4− -substituted grossular are merohedrally twinned by twofold axis along [110]. The mechanism of twining growth led to the generation of stacking faults on the (110) plane and results in the formation of crystals with a long prismatic habit. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Taras L. Panikorovskii Irina O. Galuskina Vladimir N. Bocharov Vladimir V. Shilovskikh Evgeny V. Galuskin |
author_facet |
Taras L. Panikorovskii Irina O. Galuskina Vladimir N. Bocharov Vladimir V. Shilovskikh Evgeny V. Galuskin |
author_sort |
Taras L. Panikorovskii |
title |
Merohedral Mechanism Twining Growth of Natural Cation-Ordered Tetragonal Grossular |
title_short |
Merohedral Mechanism Twining Growth of Natural Cation-Ordered Tetragonal Grossular |
title_full |
Merohedral Mechanism Twining Growth of Natural Cation-Ordered Tetragonal Grossular |
title_fullStr |
Merohedral Mechanism Twining Growth of Natural Cation-Ordered Tetragonal Grossular |
title_full_unstemmed |
Merohedral Mechanism Twining Growth of Natural Cation-Ordered Tetragonal Grossular |
title_sort |
merohedral mechanism twining growth of natural cation-ordered tetragonal grossular |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111638 https://doaj.org/article/e5f66772f0774d979c355021e09e1d1e |
genre |
Yakutia |
genre_facet |
Yakutia |
op_source |
Crystals, Vol 12, Iss 1638, p 1638 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/11/1638 https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4352 doi:10.3390/cryst12111638 2073-4352 https://doaj.org/article/e5f66772f0774d979c355021e09e1d1e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111638 |
container_title |
Crystals |
container_volume |
12 |
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11 |
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1638 |
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1766236088316198912 |