B-1 cell-mediated modulation of M1 macrophage profile ameliorates microbicidal functions and disrupt the evasion mechanisms of Encephalitozoon cuniculi.

• Published in: PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
• Main Authors: Adriano Pereira, Anuska Marcelino Alvares-Saraiva, Fabiana Toshie de Camargo Konno, Diva Denelle Spadacci-Morena, Elizabeth Cristina Perez, Mario Mariano, Maria Anete Lallo
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2019
• Subjects: Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007674; https://doaj.org/article/e065bb893afa4ef28435f078bb5635e9

Here, we have investigated the possible effect of B-1 cells on the activity of peritoneal macrophages in E. cuniculi infection. In the presence of B-1 cells, peritoneal macrophages had an M1 profile with showed increased phagocytic capacity and index, associated with the intense microbicidal activity and a higher percentage of apoptotic death. The absence of B-1 cells was associated with a predominance of the M2 macrophages, reduced phagocytic capacity and index and microbicidal activity, increased pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines production, and higher percentual of necrosis death. In addition, in the M2 macrophages, spore of phagocytic E. cuniculi with polar tubular extrusion was observed, which is an important mechanism of evasion of the immune response. The results showed the importance of B-1 cells in the modulation of macrophage function against E. cuniculi infection, increasing microbicidal activity, and reducing the fungal mechanisms involved in the evasion of the immune response.