The IEEE-SA Working Group on Spaceborne GNSS-R: Scene Study

• Published in: IEEE Access
• Main Authors: Hugo Carreno-Luengo, Adriano Camps, Chris Ruf, Nicolas Floury, Manuel Martin-Neira, Tianlin Wang, Siri Jodha Khalsa, Maria Paola Clarizia, Jennifer Reynolds, Joel Johnson, Andrew O'Brien, Carmela Galdi, Maurizio Di Bisceglie, Andreas Dielacher, Philip Jales, Martin Unwin, Lucinda King, Giuseppe Foti, Rashmi Shah, Daniel Pascual, Bill Schreiner, Milad Asgarimehr, Jens Wickert, Serni Ribo, Estel Cardellach
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: IEEE 2021
• Subjects: GNSS-R; IEEE standards association; satellite missions; Earth remote sensing; Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering; TK1-9971; Indian; Tundra
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3089762; https://doaj.org/article/e0357a81975149d1af8b504225be433e

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society (GRSS) created the GRSS “Standards for Earth Observation Technical Committee” to advance the usability of remote sensing products by experts from academia, industry, and government through the creation and promotion of standards and best practices. In February 2019, a Project Authorization Request was approved by the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) with the title “Standard for Spaceborne Global Navigation Satellite Systems Reflectometry (GNSS-R) Data and Metadata Content.” At present, 4 GNSS constellations cover the Earth with their navigation signals: The United States of America (USA) Global Positioning System GPS with 31 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) operational satellites, the Russian GLObal’naya NAvigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema GLONASS with 24 MEO operational satellites, the European Galileo with 24 MEO operational satellites, and the Chinese BeiDou-3 with 3 Inclined GeoSynchronous Orbit (IGSO), 24 MEO, and 2 Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (GEO) operational satellites. Additionally, several regional navigation constellations increase the number of available signals for remote sensing purposes: the Japanese Quasi-Zenith Satellite System QZSS with 1 GSO and 3 Tundra-type orbit operational satellites, and the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System IRNSS with 3 GEO and 4 IGSO operational satellites. On the other hand, there are different GNSS-R processing techniques, instruments and spaceborne missions, and a wide variety of retrieval algorithms have been used. The heterogeneous nature of these signals of opportunity as well as the numerous working methodologies justify the need of a standard to further advance in the development of GNSS-R towards an operational Earth Observation technique. In particular, the scope of this working group is to develop a standard for data and metadata content arising from past, present, and future spaceborne missions ...