A Risk–Benefit Analysis of First Nation’s Traditional Smoked Fish Processing
First Nations (FN) communities have traditionally used smoke to preserve fish for food security purposes. In this study, an assessment of chemical and microbiological food safety, together with nutritional quality, was conducted on fish preserved using traditional smoke processing. High-molecular-we...
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2022
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12010111 https://doaj.org/article/c5064dc8c5c24bb49a777d0e5d847c8e |
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:c5064dc8c5c24bb49a777d0e5d847c8e 2023-12-31T10:06:57+01:00 A Risk–Benefit Analysis of First Nation’s Traditional Smoked Fish Processing David D. Kitts Anubhav Pratap-Singh Anika Singh Xiumin Chen Siyun Wang 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12010111 https://doaj.org/article/c5064dc8c5c24bb49a777d0e5d847c8e EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/1/111 https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158 doi:10.3390/foods12010111 2304-8158 https://doaj.org/article/c5064dc8c5c24bb49a777d0e5d847c8e Foods, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 111 (2022) First Nation’s smoke processing safety nutritional quality fish lipid oxidation Chemical technology TP1-1185 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12010111 2023-12-03T01:35:39Z First Nations (FN) communities have traditionally used smoke to preserve fish for food security purposes. In this study, an assessment of chemical and microbiological food safety, together with nutritional quality, was conducted on fish preserved using traditional smoke processing. High-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) residues accounted for only 0.6% of the total PAH in traditionally fully smoked salmon, and Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) was not detected in the FN smoked or commercial smoked fish, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the solvent extracts derived from smoked fish towards Listeria innocua was very low but detectable. The practice of using full and half-smoked processing for fish reduced all of the fatty acid concentrations and also minimized the further loss of essential omega-3 fatty acids to a greater extent than non-smoked fish during storage ( p < 0.05). This finding corresponded to lower ( p < 0.05) lipid oxidation in smoked fish. We conclude that the benefits of reducing lipid oxidation and retaining essential fatty acids during storage, together with a potentially significant reduction in Listeria contamination, are notable benefits of traditional smoke processing. Although B(a)P was not detected in FN smoked fish, attention should be given to controlling the temperature and smoking period applied during this processing to minimize potential long-term risks associated with PAH exposure. Article in Journal/Newspaper First Nations Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Foods 12 1 111 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
First Nation’s smoke processing safety nutritional quality fish lipid oxidation Chemical technology TP1-1185 |
spellingShingle |
First Nation’s smoke processing safety nutritional quality fish lipid oxidation Chemical technology TP1-1185 David D. Kitts Anubhav Pratap-Singh Anika Singh Xiumin Chen Siyun Wang A Risk–Benefit Analysis of First Nation’s Traditional Smoked Fish Processing |
topic_facet |
First Nation’s smoke processing safety nutritional quality fish lipid oxidation Chemical technology TP1-1185 |
description |
First Nations (FN) communities have traditionally used smoke to preserve fish for food security purposes. In this study, an assessment of chemical and microbiological food safety, together with nutritional quality, was conducted on fish preserved using traditional smoke processing. High-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) residues accounted for only 0.6% of the total PAH in traditionally fully smoked salmon, and Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) was not detected in the FN smoked or commercial smoked fish, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the solvent extracts derived from smoked fish towards Listeria innocua was very low but detectable. The practice of using full and half-smoked processing for fish reduced all of the fatty acid concentrations and also minimized the further loss of essential omega-3 fatty acids to a greater extent than non-smoked fish during storage ( p < 0.05). This finding corresponded to lower ( p < 0.05) lipid oxidation in smoked fish. We conclude that the benefits of reducing lipid oxidation and retaining essential fatty acids during storage, together with a potentially significant reduction in Listeria contamination, are notable benefits of traditional smoke processing. Although B(a)P was not detected in FN smoked fish, attention should be given to controlling the temperature and smoking period applied during this processing to minimize potential long-term risks associated with PAH exposure. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
David D. Kitts Anubhav Pratap-Singh Anika Singh Xiumin Chen Siyun Wang |
author_facet |
David D. Kitts Anubhav Pratap-Singh Anika Singh Xiumin Chen Siyun Wang |
author_sort |
David D. Kitts |
title |
A Risk–Benefit Analysis of First Nation’s Traditional Smoked Fish Processing |
title_short |
A Risk–Benefit Analysis of First Nation’s Traditional Smoked Fish Processing |
title_full |
A Risk–Benefit Analysis of First Nation’s Traditional Smoked Fish Processing |
title_fullStr |
A Risk–Benefit Analysis of First Nation’s Traditional Smoked Fish Processing |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Risk–Benefit Analysis of First Nation’s Traditional Smoked Fish Processing |
title_sort |
risk–benefit analysis of first nation’s traditional smoked fish processing |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12010111 https://doaj.org/article/c5064dc8c5c24bb49a777d0e5d847c8e |
genre |
First Nations |
genre_facet |
First Nations |
op_source |
Foods, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 111 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/1/111 https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158 doi:10.3390/foods12010111 2304-8158 https://doaj.org/article/c5064dc8c5c24bb49a777d0e5d847c8e |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12010111 |
container_title |
Foods |
container_volume |
12 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
111 |
_version_ |
1786839155475480576 |