In Vitro Anthelmintic Activities of Khaya anthotheca and Faidherbia albida Extracts Used in Chad by Traditional Healers for the Treatment of Helminthiasis and In Silico Study of Phytoconstituents

• Published in: Journal of Tropical Medicine
• Main Authors: Baigomen Christalin, Masoud Besati, Noumedem Anangmo Christelle Nadia, Mahdi Yaghoobi, Yamssi Cédric, Claire Ciancia, Mounvera Abdel Azizi, Gamago Nkadeu Guy-Armand, Vincent Khan Payne, Haibo Hu
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Hindawi Limited 2024
• Subjects: Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Arctic; Khaya
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8564163; https://doaj.org/article/98041d70afdf4764a9b43f6ed74dd3b3

Background. Helminthiasis is endemic in Chad and constitutes a public health problem, particularly among school-age children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of extracts of Khaya anthotheca and Faidherbia albida used in Chad by traditional healers for the treatment of helminthiasis. Methods. The anthelmintic activity was assessed against Heligmosomoides polygyrus and Caenorhabditis elegans larvae using the Worm Microtracker. Embryonated eggs, L1, L2, and L3 larvae of H. polygyrus were obtained after 24 h, 48 h, and 7 days of coproculture and L4 larvae of C. elegans culture using standard procedures. One hundred microliters of extracts at various concentrations, with albendazole and distilled water were, put in contact with 100 µL of H. polygyrus suspension (containing 50 parasites at various developmental stages) in a microplate and incubated for 20 h at 25°C in the Worm Microtracker. The same procedure was adopted for C. elegans, but with 180 µL of OP50. 19 µL of C. elegans suspension (containing 50 larvae) was put in contact with 1 µL of extract at various concentrations and incubated in the Worm Microtracker. Docking studies were carried out using the Schrodinger Maestro software’s Glide module. The score function in the software was used to rank and group distinct possible adduct structures generated by molecular docking. Results. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of F. albida at a concentration of 2.5 mg/mL showed the same activity as albendazole (100 ± 0.00) on hatching. The IC50s of the aqueous extracts of the two plants (IC50: 0.6212 mg/mL and 0.71 mg/mL, respectively) were comparable on egg hatching of H. polygyrus with no significant difference (p≥0.05) with respect to the ethanol extracts (IC50: 0.70 mg/mL and 0.81 mg/mL, respectively). There was no significant difference between the percentage inhibition of extracts and albendazole on the L1 larvae of H. polygyrus (p≥0.05). The aqueous extracts acted more effectively than the ethanol extracts on the L1 larvae of H. ...