Trypanosoma cruzi vectors and reservoirs in Southern Sergipe

• Published in: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
• Main Authors: Diana Matos Euzébio, Fábia Regina dos Santos, Daniel Matos Euzébio de Queiroz da Cruz, Ana Elisabeth Leal Varjão, Isabela Soares Costa, Guilherme Lopes Vasconcelos Manhães, Eduardo Melo Nascimento, Dalmo Correia, Angela Maria da Silva
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT) 2021
• Subjects: Chagas disease; Epidemiology; Serology; Triatominae; Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Arctic
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0740-2020; https://doaj.org/article/6db0d982eebd416ea79dd99305a9905a

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease is a health problem that affects approximately 7 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. Vector transmission is one of the most important routes in South and Central American countries. Between 2013 and 2019, municipalities of Sergipe sent 507 triatomines for analysis, unveiling the largest records found in the south in the villages of Poço da Clara, Alagoinhas and Pilões, and the municipality of Tobias Barreto. The high prevalence of infected vectors in these localities motivated this epidemiological study. METHODS: After educational lectures on the vectors and risks of the disease, a structured questionnaire was administered to identify areas and risk factors for transmission of the parasite. The data guided the collection of vectors and blood samples from domestic reservoirs. RESULTS: The studied region is considered endemic for triatomines infected by Trypanosoma cruzi with three species of vectors; the highest prevalence was Panstrongylus lutzi (54.83%), followed by Triatoma pseudomaculata (43.54%), and Triatoma tibiamaculata (1.61%). In the villages in this study, 100% of the vectors were found intradomically. The coexistence of residents with domestic animals was reported by 62.04% (255) of those surveyed. Forty-one small animals that were actively living with humans at home in the localities were evaluated serologically. No infection was observed in the domestic animals. CONCLUSIONS: There are favorable conditions for the domiciliation of triatomines in the evaluated locations, contributing to the risk of vectorial transmission of Chagas disease.