Acute renal failure after rifampicin Insuficiência renal aguda por rifampicina

A patient with miliary tuberculosis and a chronic urogenital focus is described, who had a borderline renal function at diagnosis and developed overt renal failure upon daily treatment with rifampin (RMP), isoniazid (INH) and ethambutol (EMB). This is the first Brazilian report of BMP induced renal...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Adriana Weinberg, A. Barone, Luis B. Saldanha, Mario Shiroma
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Universidade de São Paulo (USP) 1984
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doaj.org/article/6bff3f420cba4f5b8c835390fa9b8f60
Description
Summary:A patient with miliary tuberculosis and a chronic urogenital focus is described, who had a borderline renal function at diagnosis and developed overt renal failure upon daily treatment with rifampin (RMP), isoniazid (INH) and ethambutol (EMB). This is the first Brazilian report of BMP induced renal damage. A renal biopsy taken on the third day of oliguria showed recent tubular necrosis with acute interstitial inflammation and granuloma formation. The aspect of the granulomatous lesion hightly suggested drug etiology because of the lack of palisading, high incidence of neutrophils and absence of facid-fast bacilli. This is the first presentation of an acute granulomatous interstitial nephritis probably due to RMP. Furthermore the pathogenesis of the renal damage caused by tuberculosis and RMP are discussed. Apresentamos um paciente com tuberculose miliar a partir de um foco crônico urogenital. Em sua entrada no hospital tinha uma função renal limítrofe e desenvolveu franca insuficiência renal na vigência da terapêutica específica constituída por RMP, INH e EMB. Bióp-sia renal realizada no 3° dia de uremia revelou necrose tubular recente, com inflamação intersticial aguda, permeada por granulomas. As formações granulomatosas foram altamente sugestivas de reação alérgica à droga devido à ausência de paliçadas, alta incidência de neutrófilos e o não encontro de bacilos-álcool-ácido-resistentes. Esta é a primeira descrição de nefrite intersticial granulomatosa provavelmente causada pela RMP. São discutidos os principais aspectos fisiopatogênicos da insuficiência renal causada pela tuberculose acrescida dos efeitos nefrotóxicos da RMP.