Genetic Mechanism of Tissue-Specific Expression of PPAR Genes in Turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ) at Different Temperatures
In this study, we used PCR to measure the levels of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor genes PPARα1 , PPARα2 , PPARβ, and PPARγ in the intestine, liver, gill, heart, kidney, brain, muscle, spleen, skin, and stomach of turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ) cultured under different temperature c...
| Published in: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012205 https://doaj.org/article/5f8852862a174034b44871859a69469f |
| Summary: | In this study, we used PCR to measure the levels of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor genes PPARα1 , PPARα2 , PPARβ, and PPARγ in the intestine, liver, gill, heart, kidney, brain, muscle, spleen, skin, and stomach of turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus ) cultured under different temperature conditions (14, 20, 23, 25, and 28 °C). We used split-split-plot (SSP) analysis of variance, additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis, and genotype main effects and genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis to evaluate the genotype × tissue interaction effects on gene expression. The results of the SSP analysis of variance showed that temperature and tissue × gene have highly significant ( p < 0.01) effect on the expression of S. maximus PPAR genes. The AMMI analysis results revealed that the expression of PPAR genes at the appropriate temperature (14 °C) mainly depended on genotype × tissue interaction and tissue effects. Under stress temperatures, genotype effects, tissue effects, and genotype × tissue interaction, all had significant effects on the expression of PPAR genes. The contribution of the genotype effect slowly increased with increasing temperature; it increased faster at 20 °C and then slowly declined at 25 °C. The contribution of the tissue effect slowly increased from 14 to 20 °C, where it sharply decreased, and then it stabilized after a slight fluctuation. The contribution of the genotype × tissue interaction effect showed a fluctuating upward trend throughout the experiment, and it had a significant impact on PPAR gene expression. The key temperature at which the three effects changed was 20 °C, indicating that it is the limit temperature for active lipid metabolism under high-temperature stress. The GGE biplot analysis results showed that under suitable water temperature, the expression difference of PPAR genes in the liver was the largest; at 20 and 23 °C, the expression difference in the gill was the largest; and at 25 and 28 °C, the expression ... |
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