Simultaneous Ionosonde Investigations of the Ionospheric F2 Layer Critical Frequency and Peak Height at Both Ends of the Geomagnetic Tube

• Published in: PHYSICS OF ATMOSPHERE AND GEOSPACE
• Main Authors: Sergii Panasenko, Dmytro Kotov, Taras Zhivolup, Olexander Koloskov, Volodymyr Lisachenko
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English; Ukrainian
• Published: Institute of Ionosphere 2020
• Subjects: the ionosphere; f2 region; ionosonde measurements; geomagnetic field tube; magnetoconjugate region coupling; atmospheric gravity waves; traveling ionospheric disturbances; generation of slow magnetohydrodynamic waves; Geophysics. Cosmic physics; QC801-809; Geomagnetism; QC811-849; General; QC1-75; Antarctic; Antarc*
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.47774/phag.01.01.2020-3; https://doaj.org/article/4c028738681744d98d190abcd3ab5050

Based on the results of simultaneous ionosonde observations during low solar and weak magnetic activities, a coupling was found between diurnal and quasi-periodic variations in ionospheric parameters over magnetically conjugated regions, where the Ukrainian Antarctic Station (UAS) and Millstone Hill Observatory are located. A significant impact of the summer hemisphere on the nighttime variations of the F2 layer critical frequency foF2 in the magnetically conjugated region in the winter hemisphere was found. The most characteristic manifestation of this impact is the control of foF2 variations over the UAS not by the local sunset (sunrise), but by the sunset (sunrise) over Millstone Hill. It was found that the sunset over Millstone Hill leads to an increase in foF2 over the UAS, while the sunrise leads to a decrease in foF2 with a subsequent sharp increase. Both phenomena are associated with changes in the photoelectron flux from the northern hemisphere, corresponding changes in the electron temperature in the ionosphere above the UAS and the effect of these changes on the compression or rarefaction of the ionospheric plasma and changes in the plasmaspheric fluxes of H + ions. It was shown that the transition from nighttime to daytime conditions over both observation points was characterized by a significant decrease in the F2 layer peak height, and the difference in the values of this ionospheric parameter over Millstone Hill and UAS at night is due to seasonal differences in the thermospheric circulation and the difference in the behavior of the ionospheric parameters in the Northern and Southern hemispheres. Manifestations of atmospheric gravity waves, caused by the passage of local sunrise terminators, as traveling ionospheric disturbances with periods of about 90 and 75 – 120 mins over Millstone Hill and UAS, respectively, were found. These waves were most likely generated in the region located between the ionospheric F1 and F2 layers, where the sharp gradients in the electron and ion densities occur during ...