Dietary Fish Meal Level and a Package of Choline, β-Glucan, and Nucleotides Modulate Gut Function, Microbiota, and Health in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.)
Steatosis and inflammation have been common gut symptoms in Atlantic salmon fed plant rich diets. Choline has recently been identified as essential for salmon in seawater, and β-glucan and nucleotides are frequently used to prevent inflammation. The study is aimed at documenting whether increased fi...
Published in: | Aquaculture Nutrition |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Wiley
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5422035 https://doaj.org/article/468ccd9acdde46168b7113036e9d76fc |
id |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:468ccd9acdde46168b7113036e9d76fc |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:468ccd9acdde46168b7113036e9d76fc 2024-09-15T17:56:02+00:00 Dietary Fish Meal Level and a Package of Choline, β-Glucan, and Nucleotides Modulate Gut Function, Microbiota, and Health in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) Åshild Krogdahl Elvis M. Chikwati Aleksei Krasnov Anusha Dhanasiri Gerd M. Berge Violetta Aru Bekzod Khakimov Søren Balling Engelsen Hilde Vinje Trond M. Kortner 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5422035 https://doaj.org/article/468ccd9acdde46168b7113036e9d76fc EN eng Wiley http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5422035 https://doaj.org/toc/1365-2095 1365-2095 doi:10.1155/2023/5422035 https://doaj.org/article/468ccd9acdde46168b7113036e9d76fc Aquaculture Nutrition, Vol 2023 (2023) Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 article 2023 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5422035 2024-08-05T17:48:33Z Steatosis and inflammation have been common gut symptoms in Atlantic salmon fed plant rich diets. Choline has recently been identified as essential for salmon in seawater, and β-glucan and nucleotides are frequently used to prevent inflammation. The study is aimed at documenting whether increased fishmeal (FM) levels (8 levels from 0 to 40%) and supplementation (Suppl) with a mixture of choline (3.0 g/kg), β-glucan (0.5 g/kg), and nucleotides (0.5 g/kg) might reduce the symptoms. Salmon (186 g) were fed for 62 days in 16 saltwater tanks before samples were taken from 12 fish per tank for observation of biochemical, molecular, metabolome, and microbiome indicators of function and health. Steatosis but no inflammation was observed. Lipid digestibility increased and steatosis decreased with increasing FM levels and supplementation, seemingly related to choline level. Blood metabolites confirmed this picture. Genes in intestinal tissue affected by FM levels are mainly involved in metabolic and structural functions. Only a few are immune genes. The supplement reduced these FM effects. In gut digesta, increasing FM levels increased microbial richness and diversity, and changed the composition, but only for unsupplemented diets. An average choline requirement of 3.5 g/kg was indicated for Atlantic salmon at the present life stage and under the present condition. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Aquaculture Nutrition 2023 1 29 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 |
spellingShingle |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 Åshild Krogdahl Elvis M. Chikwati Aleksei Krasnov Anusha Dhanasiri Gerd M. Berge Violetta Aru Bekzod Khakimov Søren Balling Engelsen Hilde Vinje Trond M. Kortner Dietary Fish Meal Level and a Package of Choline, β-Glucan, and Nucleotides Modulate Gut Function, Microbiota, and Health in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
topic_facet |
Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling SH1-691 |
description |
Steatosis and inflammation have been common gut symptoms in Atlantic salmon fed plant rich diets. Choline has recently been identified as essential for salmon in seawater, and β-glucan and nucleotides are frequently used to prevent inflammation. The study is aimed at documenting whether increased fishmeal (FM) levels (8 levels from 0 to 40%) and supplementation (Suppl) with a mixture of choline (3.0 g/kg), β-glucan (0.5 g/kg), and nucleotides (0.5 g/kg) might reduce the symptoms. Salmon (186 g) were fed for 62 days in 16 saltwater tanks before samples were taken from 12 fish per tank for observation of biochemical, molecular, metabolome, and microbiome indicators of function and health. Steatosis but no inflammation was observed. Lipid digestibility increased and steatosis decreased with increasing FM levels and supplementation, seemingly related to choline level. Blood metabolites confirmed this picture. Genes in intestinal tissue affected by FM levels are mainly involved in metabolic and structural functions. Only a few are immune genes. The supplement reduced these FM effects. In gut digesta, increasing FM levels increased microbial richness and diversity, and changed the composition, but only for unsupplemented diets. An average choline requirement of 3.5 g/kg was indicated for Atlantic salmon at the present life stage and under the present condition. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Åshild Krogdahl Elvis M. Chikwati Aleksei Krasnov Anusha Dhanasiri Gerd M. Berge Violetta Aru Bekzod Khakimov Søren Balling Engelsen Hilde Vinje Trond M. Kortner |
author_facet |
Åshild Krogdahl Elvis M. Chikwati Aleksei Krasnov Anusha Dhanasiri Gerd M. Berge Violetta Aru Bekzod Khakimov Søren Balling Engelsen Hilde Vinje Trond M. Kortner |
author_sort |
Åshild Krogdahl |
title |
Dietary Fish Meal Level and a Package of Choline, β-Glucan, and Nucleotides Modulate Gut Function, Microbiota, and Health in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
title_short |
Dietary Fish Meal Level and a Package of Choline, β-Glucan, and Nucleotides Modulate Gut Function, Microbiota, and Health in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
title_full |
Dietary Fish Meal Level and a Package of Choline, β-Glucan, and Nucleotides Modulate Gut Function, Microbiota, and Health in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
title_fullStr |
Dietary Fish Meal Level and a Package of Choline, β-Glucan, and Nucleotides Modulate Gut Function, Microbiota, and Health in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dietary Fish Meal Level and a Package of Choline, β-Glucan, and Nucleotides Modulate Gut Function, Microbiota, and Health in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar, L.) |
title_sort |
dietary fish meal level and a package of choline, β-glucan, and nucleotides modulate gut function, microbiota, and health in atlantic salmon (salmo salar, l.) |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5422035 https://doaj.org/article/468ccd9acdde46168b7113036e9d76fc |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Aquaculture Nutrition, Vol 2023 (2023) |
op_relation |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5422035 https://doaj.org/toc/1365-2095 1365-2095 doi:10.1155/2023/5422035 https://doaj.org/article/468ccd9acdde46168b7113036e9d76fc |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5422035 |
container_title |
Aquaculture Nutrition |
container_volume |
2023 |
container_start_page |
1 |
op_container_end_page |
29 |
_version_ |
1810432240414359552 |