Age and Growth of Mitre Squid ( Uroteuthis chinensis ) in the Northwestern South China Sea Based on Statolith Microstructure Analysis

• Published in: Diversity
• Main Authors: Dan Liu, Chi Zhang, Jianzhong Guo, Haozhan Wang, Yumeng Pang, Yongjun Tian
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2024
• Subjects: Uroteuthis chinensis; mitre squid; statolith age determination; biological characteristics; South China Sea; Biology (General); QH301-705.5; Fishing Ground; Mitre; The Mitre; DML
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3390/d16070395; https://doaj.org/article/398d9f963456429891372b633ca92602

The mitre squid Uroteuthis chinensis is distributed widely in the Chinese coastal areas and contributes to the majority of the Chinese neritic squid fishery, especially in the South China Sea. However, little has been investigated about its life history traits, despite its commercial importance. In this study, using samples of U. chinensis collected through bottom trawlers from December 2019 to March 2021 in the northwestern South China Sea, biological traits including hatching date, growth pattern and dorsal mantle length at maturity of male individuals were explored by age determination based on statolith microstructure analysis. The results indicated that the U. chinensis showed a year-round spawning pattern with three main cohorts (spring, summer and autumn) that can be identified according to their hatching season. The range of the dorsal mantle length (DML) was 117–259 mm for females and 70–312 for males, and the body weight ranged from 55.1 to 480.5 g for females and from 19.3 to 560.2 g for males; the age ranges were estimated between 82 and 173 days for females and between 76 and 175 days for males. As for the length–weight relationship, males possessed a larger mantle length than females, while the body weight of females increased more compared to males at the same mantle length. The population recruits to the fishing ground, with individuals reaching sexual maturity at around 3 months, and the lifespan is less than 200 days. The growth model is well described by the exponential equation, which revealed that spring and autumn cohorts showed a higher growth rate than summer cohorts. As for male individuals, the smallest dorsal mantle length at maturity (DML 50% ) was recorded in the spring cohort (DML 50% = 116 mm) compared with the summer (DML 50% = 129 mm) and autumn cohorts (DML 50% = 149 mm). This study provides key and updated fishery biological information of U. chinensis in the South China Sea and contributes to the understanding of U. chinensis resources.