An Extract from Shrimp Processing By-Products Protects SH-SY5Y Cells from Neurotoxicity Induced by Aβ25–35

• Published in: Marine Drugs
• Main Authors: Yongping Zhang, Guangling Jiao, Cai Song, Shelly Gu, Richard E. Brown, Junzeng Zhang, Pingcheng Zhang, Jacques Gagnon, Steven Locke, Roumiana Stefanova, Claude Pelletier, Yi Zhang, Hongyu Lu
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2017
• Subjects: Acetone extract from shrimp processing by-product (4-2A); polyunsaturated fatty acids; Aβ25–35; human neuroblastoma cell (SH-SY5Y); neuroprotection; Alzheimer’s disease (AD); Biology (General); QH301-705.5; Pandalus borealis
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.3390/md15030083; https://doaj.org/article/2c94f17a2087479b96c0f6dbcfbdd259

Increased evidence suggests that marine unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) can protect neurons from amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced neurodegeneration. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC) assays showed that the acetone extract 4-2A obtained from shrimp Pandalus borealis industry processing wastes contained 67.19% monounsaturated FAs and 16.84% polyunsaturated FAs. The present study evaluated the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of 4-2A in Aβ25–35-insulted differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Cell viability and cytotoxicity were measured by using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to study the expression of neurotrophins, pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis-related genes. Administration of 20 μM Aβ25–35 significantly reduced SH-SY5Y cell viability, the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and its tyrosine kinase TrkA receptor, as well as the level of glutathione, while increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its TrkB receptor. Aβ25–35 also increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and Caspase-3 expression. Treatment with 4-2A significantly attenuated the Aβ25–35-induced changes in cell viability, ROS, GSH, NGF, TrkA, TNF-α, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and Caspase-3, except for nitric oxide, BDNF and TrKB. In conclusion, 4-2A effectively protected SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ-induced neuronal apoptosis/death by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress and up-regulating NGF and TrKA expression.