Effects and factors associated with indoor residual spraying with Actellic 300 CS on malaria morbidity in Lira District, Northern Uganda

• Published in: Malaria Journal
• Main Authors: Abdulaziz Tugume, Fiston Muneza, Frederick Oporia, Arthur Kiconco, Christine Kihembo, Angela Nakanwagi Kisakye, Peter Nsubuga, Sekimpi Deogratias, Adoke Yeka
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2019
• Subjects: Malaria; Indoor residual spraying (IRS); Morbidity trends; Percentage point (pp); Test positivity rate (TPR); Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine; RC955-962; Infectious and parasitic diseases; RC109-216; Arctic; Lira
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2681-6; https://doaj.org/article/20c9369c32744f1abea68efe94e6a703

Abstract Background Indoor residual spraying (IRS) with Actellic 300 CS was conducted in Lira District between July and August 2016. No formal assessment has been conducted to estimate the effect of spraying with Actellic 300 CS on malaria morbidity in the Ugandan settings. This study assessed malaria morbidity trends before and after IRS with Actellic 300 CS in Lira District in Northern Uganda. Methods The study employed a mixed methods design. Malaria morbidity records from four health facilities were reviewed, focusing on 6 months before and after the IRS intervention. The outcome of interest was malaria morbidity defined as; proportion of outpatient attendance due to total malaria, proportion of outpatient attendance due to confirmed malaria and proportion of malaria case numbers confirmed by microscopy or rapid diagnostic test. Since malaria morbidity was based on count data, an ordinary Poisson regression model was used to obtain percentage point change (pp) in monthly malaria cases before and after IRS. A household survey was also conducted in 159 households to determine IRS coverage and factors associated with spraying. A modified Poisson regression model was fitted to determine factors associated with household spray status. Results The proportion of outpatient attendance due to malaria dropped from 18.7% before spraying to 15.1% after IRS. The proportion of outpatient attendance due to confirmed malaria also dropped from 5.1% before spraying to 4.0% after the IRS intervention. There was a decreasing trend in malaria test positivity rate (TPR) for every unit increase in month after spraying. The decreasing trend in TPR was more prominent 5–6 months after the IRS intervention (Adj. pp = − 0.60, P-value = 0.015; Adj. pp = − 1.19, P-value < 0.001). The IRS coverage was estimated at 89.3%. Households of respondents who were formally employed or owned any form of business were more likely to be unsprayed; (APR = 5.81, CI 2.72–12.68); (APR = 3.84, CI 1.20–12.31), respectively. Conclusion Coverage of IRS ...