Commercial Vaccines Do Not Confer Protection against Two Genogroups of Piscirickettsia salmonis , LF-89 and EM-90, in Atlantic Salmon
In Atlantic salmon, vaccines have failed to control and prevent Piscirickettsiosis , for reasons that remain elusive. In this study, we report the efficacy of two commercial vaccines developed with the Piscirickettsia salmonis isolates AL100005 and AL 20542 against another two genogroups which are c...
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ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:01ba0e2d3669463dac2b14913a393fda 2024-01-07T09:42:14+01:00 Commercial Vaccines Do Not Confer Protection against Two Genogroups of Piscirickettsia salmonis , LF-89 and EM-90, in Atlantic Salmon Carolina Figueroa Débora Torrealba Byron Morales-Lange Luis Mercado Brian Dixon Pablo Conejeros Gabriela Silva Carlos Soto José A. Gallardo 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070993 https://doaj.org/article/01ba0e2d3669463dac2b14913a393fda EN eng MDPI AG https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/7/993 https://doaj.org/toc/2079-7737 doi:10.3390/biology11070993 2079-7737 https://doaj.org/article/01ba0e2d3669463dac2b14913a393fda Biology, Vol 11, Iss 7, p 993 (2022) pentavalent vaccine bacterin vaccine live attenuated vaccine monovalent vaccine Piscirickettsiosis Salmo salar Biology (General) QH301-705.5 article 2022 ftdoajarticles https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070993 2023-12-10T01:43:09Z In Atlantic salmon, vaccines have failed to control and prevent Piscirickettsiosis , for reasons that remain elusive. In this study, we report the efficacy of two commercial vaccines developed with the Piscirickettsia salmonis isolates AL100005 and AL 20542 against another two genogroups which are considered highly and ubiquitously prevalent in Chile: LF-89 and EM-90. Two cohabitation trials were performed to mimic field conditions and vaccine performance: (1) post-smolt fish were challenged with a single infection of LF-89, (2) adults were coinfected with EM-90, and a low level coinfection of sea lice. In the first trial, the vaccine delayed smolt mortalities by two days; however, unvaccinated and vaccinated fish did not show significant differences in survival (unvaccinated: 60.3%, vaccinated: 56.7%; p = 0.28). In the second trial, mortality started three days later for vaccinated fish than unvaccinated fish. However, unvaccinated and vaccinated fish did not show significant differences in survival (unvaccinated: 64.6%, vaccinated: 60.2%, p = 0.58). Thus, we found no evidence that the evaluated vaccines confer effective protection against the genogroups LF-89 and EM-90 of P. salmonis with estimated relative survival proportions (RPSs) of −9% and −12%, respectively. More studies are necessary to evaluate whether pathogen heterogeneity is a key determinant of the lack of vaccine efficacy against P. salmonis . Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles Biology 11 7 993 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
op_collection_id |
ftdoajarticles |
language |
English |
topic |
pentavalent vaccine bacterin vaccine live attenuated vaccine monovalent vaccine Piscirickettsiosis Salmo salar Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
spellingShingle |
pentavalent vaccine bacterin vaccine live attenuated vaccine monovalent vaccine Piscirickettsiosis Salmo salar Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Carolina Figueroa Débora Torrealba Byron Morales-Lange Luis Mercado Brian Dixon Pablo Conejeros Gabriela Silva Carlos Soto José A. Gallardo Commercial Vaccines Do Not Confer Protection against Two Genogroups of Piscirickettsia salmonis , LF-89 and EM-90, in Atlantic Salmon |
topic_facet |
pentavalent vaccine bacterin vaccine live attenuated vaccine monovalent vaccine Piscirickettsiosis Salmo salar Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
description |
In Atlantic salmon, vaccines have failed to control and prevent Piscirickettsiosis , for reasons that remain elusive. In this study, we report the efficacy of two commercial vaccines developed with the Piscirickettsia salmonis isolates AL100005 and AL 20542 against another two genogroups which are considered highly and ubiquitously prevalent in Chile: LF-89 and EM-90. Two cohabitation trials were performed to mimic field conditions and vaccine performance: (1) post-smolt fish were challenged with a single infection of LF-89, (2) adults were coinfected with EM-90, and a low level coinfection of sea lice. In the first trial, the vaccine delayed smolt mortalities by two days; however, unvaccinated and vaccinated fish did not show significant differences in survival (unvaccinated: 60.3%, vaccinated: 56.7%; p = 0.28). In the second trial, mortality started three days later for vaccinated fish than unvaccinated fish. However, unvaccinated and vaccinated fish did not show significant differences in survival (unvaccinated: 64.6%, vaccinated: 60.2%, p = 0.58). Thus, we found no evidence that the evaluated vaccines confer effective protection against the genogroups LF-89 and EM-90 of P. salmonis with estimated relative survival proportions (RPSs) of −9% and −12%, respectively. More studies are necessary to evaluate whether pathogen heterogeneity is a key determinant of the lack of vaccine efficacy against P. salmonis . |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Carolina Figueroa Débora Torrealba Byron Morales-Lange Luis Mercado Brian Dixon Pablo Conejeros Gabriela Silva Carlos Soto José A. Gallardo |
author_facet |
Carolina Figueroa Débora Torrealba Byron Morales-Lange Luis Mercado Brian Dixon Pablo Conejeros Gabriela Silva Carlos Soto José A. Gallardo |
author_sort |
Carolina Figueroa |
title |
Commercial Vaccines Do Not Confer Protection against Two Genogroups of Piscirickettsia salmonis , LF-89 and EM-90, in Atlantic Salmon |
title_short |
Commercial Vaccines Do Not Confer Protection against Two Genogroups of Piscirickettsia salmonis , LF-89 and EM-90, in Atlantic Salmon |
title_full |
Commercial Vaccines Do Not Confer Protection against Two Genogroups of Piscirickettsia salmonis , LF-89 and EM-90, in Atlantic Salmon |
title_fullStr |
Commercial Vaccines Do Not Confer Protection against Two Genogroups of Piscirickettsia salmonis , LF-89 and EM-90, in Atlantic Salmon |
title_full_unstemmed |
Commercial Vaccines Do Not Confer Protection against Two Genogroups of Piscirickettsia salmonis , LF-89 and EM-90, in Atlantic Salmon |
title_sort |
commercial vaccines do not confer protection against two genogroups of piscirickettsia salmonis , lf-89 and em-90, in atlantic salmon |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070993 https://doaj.org/article/01ba0e2d3669463dac2b14913a393fda |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Biology, Vol 11, Iss 7, p 993 (2022) |
op_relation |
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/7/993 https://doaj.org/toc/2079-7737 doi:10.3390/biology11070993 2079-7737 https://doaj.org/article/01ba0e2d3669463dac2b14913a393fda |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11070993 |
container_title |
Biology |
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11 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
993 |
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1787423163920941056 |